基于适宜性评价和最小累积阻力模型的生态安全格局构建——以营口市为例

Construction of ecological security pattern based on suitability evaluation and minimum cumulative resistance model:A case study of Yingkou City

采用"源地-廊道"的组合方式构建生态安全格局,能维护区域生态安全和提升人类福祉。本文以营口市为例,从生态敏感性和生态系统服务功能重要性方面选取生态源地;运用生态廊道适宜评价法和最小累积阻力模型判定潜在生态廊道;并采用中心度指标识别出区域生态关键区和重要生态廊道,从而构建出营口市生态安全格局。结果表明:营口市选取的生态源地共有134个,面积共2203.88 hm2;构建的生态廊道总长度为221.06km。东南部的生态源地、廊道的适宜性和重要性均高于北部区域,南北之间存在较大的断层,应在中北部构建踏脚石斑块和廊道,促进南北之间的物质和能量的交流。通过提出营口市"一带三区三轴多点"的生态网络框架,构建出营口市生态安全格局,为区域生态保护与城市可持续发展提供决策建议。

Using the combination of"source-corridor"to construct ecological security pattern can maintain regional ecological security and promote human well-being. With Yingkou as a case,ecological sources were selected based on ecological sensitivity and the importance of ecosystem services. The ecological corridor suitability evaluation method and minimum cumulative resistance model were used to identify the potential ecological corridors. The key ecological sources and the important ecological corridors were identified through centrality analysis to construct the ecological security pattern of Yingkou City. The results showed that a total of 134 ecological sources with an area of 2203.88 hm2 were selected in Yingkou. The total length of ecological corridors was 221.06 km. The suitability and important degree of ecological sources and corridors were higher in the southeast and lower in the north,with a large difference between the north and the south. The stepping stone patches and corridors should be constructed in the central and northern parts to promote the material and energy exchange between the north and the south. By putting forward the ecological network framework of "one belt,three regions,three corridors,and multi-points"in Yingkou City,the ecological security pattern was constructed,which would provide references for regional ecological conservation and sustainable development of the city.