OECD国家推行幼小衔接的目的与举措——基于对《强势开端Ⅴ:幼小衔接》报告的考察

Purposes and Measures of Implementing Transitions from Early Childhood Education and Care to Primary Education in OECD Countries——Based on the Study of "Starting Strong Ⅴ: Transitions from Early Childhood Education and Care to Primary Education"

当前,OECD国家实施幼小衔接项目主要为了两大目标的实现:确保高质量的学前教育成效在未来的教育中获得延续,防止成果的消退;保障弱势儿童公平地享有教育开端,防止差距的扩大。为了达成上述目标,OECD国家主要从四个方面采取措施推动幼小科学衔接:第一,澄清儿童的中心地位,为儿童提供话语表达的路径,关照弱势儿童;第二,搭建机构间合作的桥梁,弥补教师间地位与专业的差别,提升机构情境间的双向互动;第三,明晰政府的层级参与,强化中央政府的衔接立法,推动地方政府的赋权增能;第四,引入循证实践的理念,深化幼小衔接研究,构建衔接监控体系。

Recently, the transition projects from ECEC to primary education in OECD countries are mainly for the realization of two major goals. One is to ensure that high-quality preschool education results can continue in the future education and prevent the results from fading. Another one is to protect vulnerable children’s fair access to education, prevent the widening gap. In order to achieve the goals,OECD countries have taken the following four measures: first, clarifying the central position of children:providing them with the path of discourse expression and caring for the vulnerable among them;second, building a cooperation bridge between kindergarten and primary school, narrowing the status and majors’ differences between teachers and creating a good interactive situation;thirdly, strengthening the level participation of the government, promoting the legislation of the Central Government and empowerment of local governments;and fourthly, referencing the concept of evidence-based practice, deepening the transition research and constructing a cohesion monitoring system.