SAT物理专项试卷与高考上海卷中核物理考题的比较研究

A Comparative Research of Questions to Nuclear Physics between Shanghai College Entrance Examination and SAT Physics Subject Test

文章比较研究了五年来,高考物理上海卷和美国SAT物理专项试卷中原子核部分试题在知识点结构、试题难度、内容侧重点、评价体系方面的差异。结果发现核物理考题在中美两国的试卷中所占的比例以及知识点考查存在明显差异:上海卷注重考查学生对放射性、原子核衰变两大知识点的掌握情况,而SAT物理专项则拓宽到强相互作用力等知识点,考试要求学生对概念有更深层次的理解,其知识点覆盖相对论基础,超过了上海卷的知识点范围;上海卷集中于粒子运动轨迹,本质是考查电磁场对带电粒子运动的影响,而SAT物理专项注重考查核物理的基本概念,与其他知识板块的连接较少。

This paper compares the questions to the nuclear physics between Shanghai College Entrance Examination(SCEE)and SAT physics subject test in recent five years,which includes knowledge structure,item difficulty,content focus and evaluation system. It has found that the score ratio and the key points of nuclear physics in two tests are significantly different. The SCEE tests students’ mastery of radioactivity and nuclear decay while the SAT physics subject test extends to strong force and requires student to understand much deeper conception with its knowledge points covering the area of relativity,which exceeds the testing points of SCEE.Moreover,SCEE focuses on particle trajectory,which tests the influence of electromagnetic field on the motion of charged particles,while the SAT physics subject test emphasizes testing students’ basic concept of physics,which has little connection with other fields of knowledge.