摘要
【目的】为改善苏北沿海土壤性质,提高造林成活率,促进沿海防护林体系建设,将稻壳炭应用于盐碱土改良试验。【方法】将稻壳炭与土壤体积比例按照对照(0%)、2.5%、5%、10%、20%和30%分为6组,每组分别种植‘南林895’杨、女贞、弗吉尼亚栎、榉树和台湾杨。【结果】稻壳炭能有效降低土壤含盐量和密度,提高有机质含量,可使土壤含盐量、密度分别降低54.7%、26.1%,有机质提高162.0%,在稻壳炭与土壤体积比为10%时就可取得良好效果;稻壳炭对土壤水溶性氮、速效磷和速效钾等营养元素具有吸附作用,在0~10 cm和10~40 cm土层土壤水溶性氮、速效磷和速效钾营养元素都是对照组最高或次高,加入稻壳炭后反而降低;随着土壤中稻壳炭比例增加,造林成活率逐渐提高,当稻壳炭与土壤体积比为10%时造林成活率最高,达91.10%; 5个树种在盐渍土上的成活率和生长势大小为:‘南林895’杨>女贞>弗吉尼亚栎>榉树>台湾杨。【结论】稻壳炭在降盐改土方面具有良好作用,但对速效营养元素具有吸附作用;稻壳炭能显著提高造林成活率,促进幼林生长,在稻壳炭与土壤体积比为10%时效果最佳。
【Objective】To improve soil properties of the coastal area of northern Jiangsu Province,to improve the survival rate during afforestation,and to promote the construction of the coastal shelter-forest system,tests using rice husk charcoal to improve saline-alkali soil were conducted for the first time.【Method】The amount of rice husk charcoal was divided into 6 groups according to the control( 0%),2.5%,5%,10%,20% and 30%,and the tree species,including Populus deltoides × P. euramericana’Nanlin895’,Ligustrum compactum,Zelkova serrata,Quercus virginiana,and Populus deltoides × P. nigra,were planted in each group.【Result】The rice husk charcoal could effectively reduce soil salinity content and bulk density,and improve the organic matter content. Soil salinity content and bulk density were reduced 54.7% and 26.1%,respectively,and organic matter content was improved 162.0%. When the ratio of rice husk charcoal was 10%,the soil was effectively improved. The rice husk charcoal had adsorption effects on soil soluble N,available-P,and available-K. The contents of the nutritive elements from the control soils were the highest or second highest. If the rice husk charcoal was added to the soil,the contents of the nutritive elements were lowered. The survival rate of afforestation increased gradually with the increase of rice husk charcoal. When the rice husk charcoal ratio reached 10%,the survival rate was the highest at 91.10%. The order of survival rate and growth potential from highest to lowest were: Populus deltoides × P.euramericana’Nanlin895’> Ligustrum compactum > Quercus virginiana > Zelkova serrate > Populus deltoides × P.nigra. 【Conclusion】The rice husk charcoal exhibited a good function to reduce salt content and improve soil,but it could adsorb valid nutritive elements. It could also effectively improve the survival rate of afforestation,promote the growth of young forests,and the best proportion was 10%.
作者
王潇
胡海波
施海新
WANG Xiao;HU Haibo;SHI Haixin(Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,.College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037,China;Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration,Nanjing 210037,China;Reed Development Company of Sheyang County,Sheyang 224300,China)
出处
《南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期193-197,共5页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(17)1004
CX(16)1005)
中央财政农业技术推广项目(TG(16)010)
国家林业局长江三角洲森林生态系统定位研究项目(2017-LYPT-DW-155)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
关键词
稻壳炭
盐渍土
土壤改良
理化性质
rice husk charcoal
saline soil
soil improvement
physicochemical properties