脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇对Balb/c小鼠肠道营养物质表观消化率的影响

Influence of deoxynivalenol on intestinal nutrient apparent digestibility in Balb/c mice

为了研究脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol, DON)对Balb/c小鼠肠道营养物质表观消化率的影响,试验选用平均体重为(20±2) g的Balb/c小鼠80只,随机分成4组,每组20只,4个组分别为对照组和0.2, 0.6, 1.8 mg/kg剂量组,连续灌胃28 d,期间每天观察小鼠的临床表现,试验结束后收集各组小鼠粪便,对粪便pH值、水分含量、常规营养成分、氨基酸及微量元素表观消化率进行研究。结果表明:1.8 mg/kg剂量组小鼠采食量减少,解剖可见胃肠有损伤;与对照组相比,0.6, 1.8 mg/kg剂量组小鼠粪便pH值显著升高(P<0.05),1.8 mg/kg剂量组水分含量显著降低(P<0.05);各剂量组粗脂肪和粗纤维表观消化率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),1.8 mg/kg剂量组灰分和粗蛋白表观消化率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组和0.2 mg/kg剂量组相比,0.6 mg/kg剂量组缬氨酸、赖氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸、酪氨酸、天门冬氨酸和丙氨酸等氨基酸的表观消化率降低(P<0.05或P>0.05);与对照组相比,1.8 mg/kg剂量组15种氨基酸和微量元素铁、铜、镁的表观消化率均显著降低(P<0.05),此外铁、铜、镁的表观消化率还显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。说明灌胃DON能诱导肠道pH值升高、水分含量减少,不同营养物质的表观消化率降低,并且呈剂量-效应关系。

In order to investigate the effect of deoxynivalenol exposed to Balb/c mice on intestinal nutrient apparent digestibility, a total of 80 Balb/c mice weighted(20±2)g were randomly allotted to 4 groups(20 mice per group). The mice were fed one of four kinds of diets(0, 0.2, 0.6 and 1.8 mg/kg deoxynivalenol) exposed daily via intragastric administration for 28 days and observed clinical symptoms daily during the trial. At the end of the experiment, the feces of each group were collected, then pH value, moisture content in feces, apparent of nutrients, amino acids and mineral elements in small intestine were tested. The results showed as follows: the deoxynivalenol in 1.8 mg/kg group induced the reduction of food intake and gastrointestinal injury. Compared with the control group, the pH value in feces was much higher(P<0.05), but the moisture content was lower in 1.8 mg/kg group(P<0.05). Additionally, the apparent digestibility of crude fat and crude fiber were greatly decreased in 0.2, 0.6 and 1.8 mg/kg group(P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of ash and crude protein in 1.8 mg/kg group were also significantly reduced than the control group(P<0.05). Moreover, the apparent digestibility of amino acid(including Val, Lys, Leu, Pro, Tyr, Asp and Ala) in 0.6 mg/kg group were also observably declined compared with control and 0.2 mg/kg group(P<0.05 or P>0.05), and the digestibility of 15 kinds of amino acid and mineral elements(including Fe, Cu and Mg) in 1.8 mg/kg group were the lowest among all the four groups(P<0.05). It was concluded that the supplementation of deoxynivalenol could induce the increase of pH value, decrease the moisture content and the apparent digestibility of nutrient, and all these decreasing were associated with dose-effect relationship of deoxynivalenol.