以乡村文化为核心要素发展海南乡村旅游

Developing rural tourism with rural culture as the core element in Hainan

乡村旅游是海南全域旅游发展的重要组成部分,独具特色的海南乡村文化是海南乡村旅游发展中最具吸引力的资源要素。基于海南乡村文化的调研,分析海南乡村文化的现状,挖掘海南传统乡村文化和历史文化名村,探讨发展海南乡村旅游的资源要素。结果表明,海南乡村文化内涵丰富,乡村传统风貌与习俗保存情况良好,地域特色鲜明,以乡村文化为核心要素发展海南乡村旅游,对提高海南旅游供给侧结构性改革的力度,提高村民收入、促进海南美丽乡村建设提供了有利的基础和条件。然而,针对海南乡村文化保护与传承现状,尽管历史文化名村及乡村艺术受到各级政府重视、得到一定程度保护,但普遍存在乡村环境历史遗迹破坏严重、传统乡村文化逐渐被都市文化蚕食等问题,进而导致乡村文化旅游供给"同质化"、旅游与各行各业融合"松散化",严重制约了乡村旅游的可持续发展。因此,提出应保护乡村传统风貌,依托地域文化,发展文化旅游,培育乡村旅游市场,打造乡村文化品牌、提升旅游供给质量等策略。

Rural tourism is an important part of Hainan’s holistic tourism development.The unique Hainan rural culture is the most attractive resource element in Hainan’s rural tourism development.Based on the investigation of Hainan’s rural culture,this paper analyzes the current situation of Hainan’s rural culture,explores Hainan’s traditional rural culture and famous historical cultural villages,and discusses the resource elements of Hainan’s rural tourism.Results show that the rural culture in Hainan is rich in connotations,the rural traditional style and customs are well preserved,and the regional characteristics are distinct.Developing Hainan’s rural tourism with rural culture as the core factor provides favorable bases and conditions to improve the supply-side structural reform of Hainan’s tourism,increases villagers’ income and promotes the Construction of Beautiful Village in Hainan.Currently,though the government provides some protection for the historical and cultural villages and rural art,there exists some problems,including the severe destruction of the historical relics of rural environment,the erosion of traditional rural culture by urban culture,the homogenization of rural cultural tourism supply,and the loss of the integration of tourism and various industries.These problems seriously restrict the sustainable development of rural tourism.Thus this paper suggests to protect villages’ traditional style,to rely regional culture,to develop cultural tourism,to cultivate the rural tourism market,to build rural cultural brands,and to enhance the quality of tourism supply.