收集处理方法对含铝固体推进剂凝相燃烧产物特性影响

Effects of Collection and Treatment Methods on Characteristics of Condensed Combustion Products of Aluminized Solid Propellant

含铝固体推进剂凝相燃烧产物特性对固体火箭发动机的燃烧效率、燃烧稳定性和绝热安全性等影响重大。为获得准确可靠的凝相燃烧产物的理化特性,利用定压燃烧装置来收集凝相燃烧产物,采用马尔文激光粒度分析仪、扫描电镜及X射线衍射仪对产物进行表征,研究收集介质、干燥处理和超声分散对凝相燃烧产物性质的影响。结果表明,使用水收集获得的凝相燃烧产物平均粒度与氮气收集条件下相比大60%,水收集法适用于研究推进剂近燃面凝相燃烧产物。干燥处理能保证凝相燃烧产物样品中大尺寸颗粒的有效取样,在粒度测试之前需要对样品进行干燥处理来获取准确的凝相燃烧产物粒度分布数据。超声分散会导致大颗粒团聚物含量降低,小颗粒团聚物含量升高,最终显著降低凝相燃烧产物平均粒径。粒度测试时,在80kHz条件下,超声分散参数设定为40 W,5 min较为合适。基于研究结果,提出了一套科学合理的凝相燃烧产物收集处理方法。

The characteristics of condensed combustion products of aluminized solid propellant have profound influence on the combustion efficiency,combustion stability and adiabatic safety of solid rocket motor.In order to obtain accurate and reliable physical and chemical properties of condensed combustion products,a constant-pressure quench vessel was used to collect the condensed combustion products.Laser diffraction particle size analyzer,SEM and XRD were adopted to characterize the products.The effects of collection media,drying treatment and ultrasonic dispersion on condensed combustion products were investigated.The results show that the mean size is 60% larger in the experiment with water than that with nitrogen.Using water as collection media is more suitable for the study of condensed combustion products near propellant burning surface.The drying treatment can ensure the effective sampling of the large size particles,therefore the sample should be dried before size test in order to obtain the accurate particle size distribution data.The ultrasonic dispersion would reduce the content of large agglomerates,whereas increase the content of small agglomerates in the products,leading to a significant decrease in the average particle size of condensed combustion products.Under a frequency of 80 kHz,the most reasonable parameter of ultrasonic dispersion is supposed to be 40 W,5 min during size measurement.Based on the previous results,a more scientific and reasonable sequence of collecting and processing method of condensed combustion products is proposed.