骨性关节炎体液生物标志物的研究现状

Reseasrch progress of biomarkers in osteoarthritis

骨性关节炎(OA)是中老年人群常见的慢性关节疾病,也是全球老年人群致残的主要原因之一,严重地影响着人们的生活质量。OA的诊断主要根据患者的临床症状和影像学检查,然而,在临床症状及骨关节影像学改变出现之前并没有敏感的诊断方法,不能发现早期OA并及时采取有效的干预措施。OA是多因素共同作用引起代谢改变的疾病,生物标志物可以反映关节组织的代谢改变,评估OA的病理进展,通过对生物标志物的检测及时发现早期OA,对于临床诊治具有重要意义。血液、尿液、关节液等体液中生物标志物的研究因标本获取简单,可重复性强,对于临床应用更具意义,有望为OA的诊断、病情评估、治疗及预后提供新的评价手段,同时也为药物研发提供证据及方向。

Osteoarthritis(OA) is a common chronic joint disease in the middle-aged and elderly population. It is also one of the leading causes of disability and a serious threat to quality of life. Diagnosis of OA is mainly based on clinical symptoms and imaging examinations. No sensitive diagnostic method is available for early OA before the appearance of clinical abnormalities and imaging changes of bone and joint. OA is a multifactorial disease that causes metabolic disorders. Biomarkers can reflect the metabolic changes of joint tissue and assess the pathological progression of OA, which may help the early discovery in clinical practice. Biomarkers in body fluids such as blood, urine and joint fluid show significant clinical values due to simple acquisition and repeatability. They are expected to provide new evaluation methods for the diagnosis, assessment, treatment and prognosis of OA as well as the evidence and direction for drug development.