区域城镇体系中城市腹地划分理论模型的验证

DELIMITATI ON OF CITY HINTERLAND IN REGIONAL URBAN SYSTEMS:VERIFICATION OF THEORETICAL MODEL

应用手机信令数据测算城市与周边地区之间联系,以江西省昌九区域城镇体系为案例,提出了一种应用手机信令数据测度城市腹地和划分城市势力圈的方法,对传统理论模型方法进行了验证。首先通过识别手机用户常住地和出行目的地,以常住用户跨乡镇出行数量作为城镇之间联系度的计算依据,分别得出昌九区域4个中心城市与周边地区的出行联系量,以此测度出了中心城市的腹地范围,并以与中心城市出行联系量比例划分了城市势力圈。随后,将手机信令划分的中心城市势力圈与用Huff模型计算得到的势力圈进行了对照,验证模型中的城市规模变量指标选择和距离摩擦系数取值。验证结果表明,在城镇体系规划中应用Huff模型计算城市腹地时,应更重视距离摩擦系数的取值,而不是构造表示城市规模的复杂综合指标。

Through a case study on the urban system of Changjiu Area in Jiangxi Province, this paper presents an approach for measuring the city hinterland and delimitating urban spheres of influence by calculating the connection between a city and its surrounding areas using mobile phone signaling data, and then verifies the traditional theoretical model. Firstly, the mobile phone users’ usual place of residence and travel destinations are identified based on mobile phone signaling data. The connections between various towns are calculated according to the number of residents’ cross-town travels. The hinterlands of four central cities in Changjiu Area are measured using the travel connection volume between the central city and its surrounding area, then the spheres of influence of the four central cities are delimitated according to the ratio of travel connection volume with central cities. Secondly, the spheres of influence delimitated by mobile phone signaling data are compared with those delimitated by Huff model, in order to verify the selection of city size variables and the value of distance friction coefficient in the model. The verification result reveals that, when Huff model is applied to measure the city hinterland in the urban system planning, more attention should be paid to the value of distance friction coefficient, rather than developing comprehensive indexes of city size.