新时期俄罗斯文化政策转向研究

A Study on the Change of Russian Cultural Policy in the New Era

文化政策是国家和民族意志的集中体现。在文化软实力日益上升到国家战略高度的今天,世界各国积极出台各项文化政策,通过监管和指导国家文化发展推动社会进步已成为大势所趋。近年来,俄罗斯政府制定和出台的《俄罗斯国家文化政策基础》以及《2030年前俄罗斯联邦国家文化政策战略》两项具有重大战略意义的纲领性文件,引起俄罗斯社会各界乃至国际社会的高度关注。本文通过大量俄文及相关文献的研究,以俄罗斯文化政策发展演变为研究对象,试图探讨苏联解体以来俄罗斯政府和执政党对文化的内涵、功能和作用的不同态度及其在国家文化政策中的体现,尤其是新时期俄罗斯文化政策的转向及其对经济社会发展的影响。

Cultural policy embodies the will of the state and the nation.Nowadays, as the cultural soft power has been risen to the height of the national strategy, many countries throughout the world have already introduced various cultural policies,it has become a general trend to promote social progress by supervising and guiding the development of national culture. In recent years, the Russian government has formulated and introduced "Fundamentals of the state cultural policy" and "the Strategy of State Cultural Policy until 2030", which being programmatic documents of great strategic significance have aroused great attention of the Russian society and the international community. Based on a large number of academic papers in Russian and related studies, the article focuses on the development and evolution of Russian cultural policy, attempting to discuss different attitudes of the Russian government and the ruling party towards the connotation, function and role of culture since the disintegration of the Soviet Union and their reflection in the national cultural policy, especially the change of Russian cultural policy in the new era and its impact on economic and social development.