我国远洋船员供给和收入结构性失衡与供给侧改革

Structural Imbalance of Ocean Crew Supply and Income and Supply-side Reform in China

我国船员供给出现结构性失衡,一是总量结构失衡,高级船员比重下降,供不应求;二是船员收入增长速度失衡,低于经济增长的速度;三是远洋船员收入增长结构失衡,即高素质船员收入不断增长但总量供给却在下降,低素质船员收入不断下降但总量却出现过剩。本文运用OLS模型(普通最小二乘法)分析远洋船员收入增长与经济增长的关系,得出高级船员的工资收入随着经济不断增长而增长,而低级船员工资收入却呈现负相关。分析了远洋船员供给和收入增长结构性失衡的原因,并建议及时出台相关多项政策,提高船员职业吸引力,保持船员供给的合理与稳定。

There is a structural imbalance in the supply of crew members in our country.One is the imbalance of the total quantity structure, the proportion of senior crew members is declining, and the supply falls short of demand;the second is the imbalance in the growth rate of crew income, which is lower than the rate of economic growth;and the third is the imbalance in the income growth structure of ocean-going crew members.That is, the income of the high quality crew is increasing, but the total supply is decreasing, while the income of the low quality crew is declining but the total quantity is surplus. In this paper, OLS(ordinary least square method) is used to analyze the relationship between income growth of ocean crew and economic growth, and it is concluded that salary income of senior crew increases with economic growth, the salary of lower crew members was negatively correlated and decreased. The paper also analyzes the reasons for the structural imbalance between the supply and income growth of ocean-going crew, and suggests that relevant policies should be issued in time to improve the professional attractiveness of seafarers and maintain the reasonableness and stability of the supply of seafarers.