2006—2016年深圳市职业性尘肺发病情况

Features of occupational pneumoconiosis cases in Shenzhen City from 2006-2016

目的了解2006—2016年深圳市尘肺病的分布现状和发病规律,探索深圳市尘肺病防控的关键点。方法以2006—2016年10年期间发病的270例已诊断的职业性尘肺病患者为调查对象,采取描述分析方法对诊断患者进行分析。结果 270例已诊断的职业性尘肺病例,男性269例,占99.6%;女性1例,占0.4%;平均诊断年龄为(43.5±7.4)岁,平均接尘工龄为(10.0±2.9)年。建筑工程、五金塑胶、珠宝首饰行业尘肺病诊断患者所占比例分别为31.11%、24.07%和8.89%。导致尘肺病前3位的工种分别为爆破工、凿岩工和石料工,尘肺病诊断患者所占比例分别为16.30%、7.78%和4.44%;矽肺、电焊工尘肺、煤工尘肺和混合尘肺所占比例分别为65.19%、4.44%、1.11%及27.04%。结论 2006—2016年深圳市270例新诊断尘肺病例中矽肺为主要尘肺病种,建筑工程、五金塑胶和珠宝首饰为深圳市尘肺病集中行业,小型规模企业为尘肺病发病的重灾区。

[Objective]To understand the distribution status and occurrence law of pneumoconiosis in Shenzhen City from 2006-2016,explore the key points of prevention and control of pneumoconiosis in Shenzhen City.[Methods]A total of 270 diagnosed cases of occupational pneumoconiosis in Shenzhen City from 2006-2016 were analyzed by the descriptive analysis method.[Results]There were 269 male patients and 1 female patient among 270 diagnosed cases of occupational pneumoconiosis,accounting for 99.6% and 0.4% respectively.The average diagnostic age was(43.5±7.4)years old and average exposure working age was(10.0±2.9)years.The patients from construction engineering,hardware and plastics,and jewelry industry accounted for 31.11%,24.07% and 8.89%,respectively.The first three jobs leading to pneumoconiosis were blaster,drill man and stone worker,which accounted for 16.3%,7.78% and 4.44%,respectively.The proportion of silicosis,welder’s pneumoconiosis,coal worker’s pneumoconiosis and mixed pneumoconiosis were 65.19%,4.44%,1.11% and 27.04%,respectively.[Conclusion]Silicosis is the primary type disease among the 270 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases in Shenzhen City from 2006-2016.Pneumoconiosis cases are concentrated on construction engineering,hardware and plastics,and jewelry industry,and small size enterprises are the high-risk area of pneumoconiosis.