同源转基因作物育种技术研究进展

The Progress of Crop Cisgenesis Technology

目前,传统的转基因技术对环境和食品存在潜在风险,同源转基因技术(Cisgenesis technology)作为传统转基因技术的替代技术,可以通过重组同一交配亲本和近缘种属的特定基因功能元件,使用P-DNA序列替换T-DNA区域,进而产生无标记基因,无载体骨架的基因修饰作物。本综述总结了此技术应用过程中比较成功的3种方法:无标记基因转化法、删除选择标记基因以及利用ipt标记基因选择无载体骨架转化体,并介绍了利用植物来源的P-DNA替换T-DNA的原理和策略。同源转基因技术的应用与发展,对于转基因技术的完善和转基因作物的商业化有积极的推动作用。

In order to avoid potential risk of genetically modified crops in environmental and food safety, a new concept cisgenesis technology was developed as alternatives to transgenesis. Cisgenesis indicated that plants must only be transformed with genetic material derived from the species itself or from closely related species. T-DNA region should be replaced by the plant-derived transfer DNA sequences. Furthermore, this approach can have produced genetically modified crops without marker gene and vector-backbone. In this review, we introduced three wellestablished methods, marker-free transformation, excision of selectable marker gene and ipt-based transformation method. Also, we summarized the principle and strategy of the replacement of T-DNAs by plant-derived transfer DNA. Recent advances in cisgenic approach will not only facilitate the of transgenic technology, but also speed up the commercialization of genetically modified crops.