华山新麦草研究进展

Research Progress of Psathrostachys huashanica

华山新麦草(Psathrostachys huashanica Keng, 2n=2x=14, Ns Ns)是禾本科(Poaceae)小麦族(Triticeae)新麦草(Psathyrostachys)属多年生二倍体异花授粉草本植物,是小麦野生亲缘物种之一,具抗条锈病,白粉病等多种优良抗病、抗逆性状,是实现小麦抗病育种的重要种质资源,可作为改良小麦种质的优质基因来源。本文围绕华山新麦草自然种群生态,普通小麦-华山新麦草杂交后代外源遗传物质鉴定展开,重点对华山新麦草-普通小麦抗病基因分子标记等进行介绍。这对保护华山新麦草,利用华山新麦草对小麦遗传背景进行改良,以及推进小麦抗病育种工作具有重要意义。

Psathrostachys huashanica Keng(2n=2x=14, Ns Ns), a kind of wild relatives of wheat, is Poaceae,Triticeae, Psathyrostachys Perennial diploid cross pollination of herbaceous plants, which possesses many excellent characteristics of immunity or high resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew and is considered as an excellent gene source and an important germplasm resource in wheat breeding for disease resistance. This paper mainly summarized the researches on the natural population ecology of Psathrostachys huashanica, and the identification of exogenous genetic material of the hybrids of bread wheat-Psathrostachys huashanica. Moreover,this paper focused on the introduction of the molecular markers of resistance genes in filial generation of bread wheat-Psathrostachys huashanica. It is of great significance to the protection of Psathrostachys huashanica, the improvement of the genetic background of wheat by using the genome of P. huashanica and the promotion of the disease-resistance breeding of wheat.