丝绸之路上中伊文明交流的历史叙事

Historical Narration of the Silk Road and Sino-Iranian Cultural Exchanges

丝绸之路对于人类文明的最大贡献,是沟通了不同国家、不同民族之间的交往,也促进了东西方双向的文明交流。国家与国家、民族与民族之间关系友好的时候,文明之间的交流会通过官方和民间的渠道畅通无阻;政治关系紧张的时候,文明之间的交流仍然是流动的,文明的因子会通过其他途径输入或传出。这两种情形在中伊文明交流的历史上都留下了很好的例子,在这些事例和记载中承载了波斯与中国两种文明的交融。一方面,来到中国的波斯人,一旦进入中国这样一个富有深厚文化传统的社会环境中,必然受到中国文化的影响,逐渐脱离本来文化的束缚,最后变成面貌虽异而心态相同的中国人;另一方面,入华的波斯人,在很长的时间里都在力图保持本民族的文化,并致力于把波斯文化传入到中国的各项事业中。中伊之间的这种文明间的交流交融是伊斯兰文明在中国本土化、中国化的重要基础和条件。

The greatest contribution of the Silk Road to world civilization is that it enhances the communication among different countries and ethnic groups and promotes two-way cultural exchanges between the East and the West. When their relationships are good, the communication between different civilizations can be unhindered through official and civil channels;once the political relations are tense, the exchanges between civilizations are still working, but the source of civilization can be entered or transmitted through other channels. There are good examples of these situations in the history of Sino-Iranian exchanges, which reflect the acculturation of China and Persia. On the one hand, the Persians would inevitably be influenced by Chinese culture once they came to China and immersed in such a rich and profound cultural tradition, and gradually broke away from their original cultural constraints, sharing the same mentality with Chinese;on the other hand, these Persians in China tried to keep their own culture for a long time and devoted themselves to introducing Persian culture into China. Such exchanges between the two civilizations are an important basis and condition for the localization of the Islamic civilization in China.