《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的戏剧改编及对美国本土民族戏剧的影响作用

On Adapting Uncle Tom's Cabin and its Influence on American Native Plays

斯托夫人的小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》是19世纪中叶风行美欧并产生世界性影响的美国文学作品。在美国国内,这部小说出版发行后不久就被改编成为戏剧在美国的戏剧舞台上演出,成为19世纪中叶上演场次最多、也最为公众欢迎的美国本土戏剧作品。对于美国本土的民族戏剧的发展而言,《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的戏剧改编及其在美国戏剧舞台上的火爆流行,不仅在戏剧创作上促进了美国本土戏剧对于社会现实的关注,以及编剧水准的提升,而且在戏剧表演上同样对于美国本土的民族演剧的内容及形式,产生了重大的影响。

Mrs. Stowe’s novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin is an American literary work popular both in Europe and America in the middle of the 19th century with worldwide influence. Soon after it was published, the play was dramatized and became one of the most popular American plays in the middle of the 19th century. For the development of the American native plays, the dramatization of Uncle Tom’s Cabin and its popularity in American theaters not only drew more attention to social reality, but also reflected the improving playwriting. In addition, it has a significant impact on the improvement of content and form of American native plays.