数字X射线摄影在尘肺筛查中的应用研究

The application of digital radiography in pneumoconiosis screening

目的本研究从影像质量、辐射剂量、优质片率与阳性检出率等方面对传统尘肺高千伏屏-片摄影(FSR)和数字X射线摄影(DR)的性能进行对比分析,为数字DR摄影技术取代传统高千伏摄影应用于尘肺筛查提供科学依据。方法分别用传统高千伏FSR装置和数字DR装置拍摄对比度-细节模体,并对影像质量进行客观比较。选择来我院进行尘肺筛查人员120人,经本人同意,分别进行DR胸片摄影和高千伏摄影,依据《职业性尘肺病诊断标准》(中华人民共和国国家职业卫生标准GBZ 70-2015)附录C进行评片,对胸片质量进行比较分析。回顾性统计2014-2015年我院使用两种设备摄影的阳性率。结果高千伏模体摄影和数字DR模体摄影的IQFinv分别为1. 41和2. 58; DR胸片组和高千伏胸片组的优片率分别为82. 50%和68. 83%,两组胸片质量之间差异有统计学意义而在尘肺筛查效率方面无区别。结论在不增加辐射剂量的前提下,DR胸片的影像质量明显高于FSR胸片;但两者在诊断效能上却有很好的一致性,数字摄影可用于粉尘作业者的职业健康普查。

Objective To compared the performance of pneumoconiosis diagnosis with high k Vp film-screen radiography( FSR) and digitized radiography( DR) in terms of image quality,radiation dose,high quality rate,and positive detection rate,and to provide scientific evidence for there placement of traditional high-k V photography by DR in pneumoconiosis screening. Methods To compare the objective image quality,low-contrast-detail phantoms were radiographed using traditional high k Vp FSR and digital DR respectively. 120 patient were selected to come to our hospital for pneumoconiosis screening whose chest radiographs acquired by k Vp FSR and digital DR,and the image qualities were compared based on the Appendix C of the National Occupational Hygiene Standard of China( Diagnosis of Occupational Pneumoconiosis GBZ70-2015). In addition,retrospective statistics of the positive rate of pneumoconiosison DR and FSR chest radiographs were carried out. Results The IQFinv of high-kilovolt mode photography and digital DR mode photography were 1. 41 and 2. 58,respectively. The excellent rate for the DR chest radiography group and the high k Vp FSR chest radiography group were 82. 50%and 68. 83%,respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between DR and FSR in terms of image quality while no difference in the efficiency of pneumoconiosis screening was observed. Conclusion The image quality of DR chest radiographs is significantly higher than that of traditional high k Vp FSR radiographs,while the diagnostic consistency between these two modalities is very good. Therefore,digital radiography can be used for occupational health screening of dust workers.