能量采集型压电超声驱动器的设计与实验研究

Design and experiment study of energy harvesting piezoelectric ultrasonic driver

基于压电陶瓷正、逆压电效应设计了一种具有能量采集功能的旋转式环形压电超声驱动器;利用ANSYS软件建立了驱动器压电振子有限元参数化模型(FEM),通过参数灵敏度分析方法对压电振子结构进行了优化设计;研制了直径60 mm的环形压电超声驱动器原理样机,搭建了样机实验平台,实验验证了所设计方法的正确性。研究结果表明,在频率36 kHz、幅值152 V的电压激励下,驱动器的最大空载转速、堵转力矩和机械输出功率分别达到112 r/min、0.78 N·m和3.1 W;在空载时,驱动器每个扇区的振动能量采集输出功率最大达到108 mW;在负载力矩0.35 N·m和负载电阻为11 kΩ时,驱动器每个扇区的振动能量采集输出功率达到93 mW,总的采集输出功率为1.674 W,驱动器压电振子的振动能量有效利用率达到47.74%。

A rotary annular piezoelectric ultrasonic driver with energy harvesting function based on the positive and converse piezoelectric effects of piezoelectric ceramics(PZT) is designed. The finite element model(FEM) of the piezoelectric vibrator was established by using ANSYS software, and the piezoelectric vibrator structure was optimized by the parameter sensitivity analysis method. A prototype of a circular piezoelectric ultrasonic driver with a diameter of 60 mm was developed, and a prototype experimental platform was built. The experimental results verified the validation of the design method. The results show that the maximum no-load speed, stalling torque and mechanical power of the driver reach 112 r/min, 0.78 N·m and 3.1 W, respectively, excitied by a voltage with amplitude of 152 V and frequency of 36.0 kHz. The vibration energy harvesting output power of each sector is 108 mW at no-load condition. When the load torque is 0.35 N·m and the load resistance is 11 kΩ, the vibration energy harvesting output power of each sector of the driver reaches 93 mW, and the total harvesting output power is 1.674 W. The effective utilization rate of the vibration energy of the piezoelectric vibrator of the driver reaches 47.74%.