论20世纪上半期的民史研究

On the Civil History in the First Half of the 20th Century

"民史"具有人民史、国民史之义,它是与君史相对应并在否定君史、解构君史的过程中提出,为近代中国救亡图存、建设独立富强国家需要而进行的史学建构。在价值取向上,民史强调新国民意识和近代国家观念,企图通过构建民史体系来达到塑造国民、造就民族精神、形成近代民族国家观念的目的。在内容组织上,以平民生活为中心,着重书写国民生活中各行业各领域的发展轨迹,彪炳在各个领域做出过突出贡献的历史人物。由撰述主体看,民史是由国民自己书写也是给自己及老百姓看的历史,从而达到以史教化的目的。在20世纪上半叶,进步学者广泛参与了"民史"建设,形成了一股重要的史学思潮,对于现代历史观的形成起到了重大作用。

Civil history,which means the history of people or citizens,was formulated in the process of denying and destructing monarchy history.It is a kind of history construction which aims at saving the Chinese nation from subjugation and developing it into an independent and prosperous country.In terms of value orientation,civil history puts an emphasis on new national consciousness and the modern state concept in order to foster the national spirit and arrive at modern national concepts.In terms of its contents organization,civil history centers on civilian life,gives priority to the description of developmental tracks of all sectors in civilian life and speaks highly of historical figures who made outstanding contributions to their fields.In the first half of the 20th century,progressive scholars extensively participated in the construction of civil history,which formed an important historical trend of thought and played a significant role in the formation of modern view of history.