某医院轮班护士夜间睡眠质量及日间倦怠和思睡状况

A survey on night sleep quality and daytime tiredness among shift nurses in a tertiary teaching hospital

目的了解轮班护士夜间睡眠质量及日间倦怠、思睡现状,为保护轮班护士的健康提供依据。方法2017年3月~5月,采用横断面方法对山东省某三级甲等医院工作1年以上的240名健康轮班注册护士进行调查。共发出调查问卷240份,收回有效问卷233份,有效率97.08%。用问卷形式进行调查,用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(pittsburgh sleep quality Index,PSQI),诊断睡眠障碍。用爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表(epworth sleepiness score,ESS),判断思睡程度。结果233名轮班护士夜间睡眠障碍、日间倦怠、思睡的发生率分别为45.92%、16.31%、13.30%。不同年龄、婚姻、学历、职称护士夜间睡眠质量的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同轮班制护士的日间倦怠、思睡状况差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。夜间睡眠质量与日间倦怠、思睡状况呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、婚姻、学历、职称对护士夜间睡眠质量有明显影响(P<0.05)。轮班制对护士日间倦怠、思睡有影响(P<0.01)。结论轮班护士夜间睡眠障碍及日间倦怠、思睡状况严重,护理管理者尤其应关注年龄>30岁、已婚、低学历、职称为护师的护士群体夜间睡眠质量,关注两班制轮班护士日间倦怠、思睡状况。

ObjectiveTo explore the night sleep quality of shift nurses and the current situation of their daytime tiredness, sleepiness, and to provide evidence for nursing administrators and managers to allocate human resources reasonably and prevent adverse events.MethodsThe cross-sectional method was utilized to conduct a questionnaire survey among shift nurses in a tertiary teaching hospital in Shandong Province from March to May inclusive, 2017.ResultsThere was a total of 233 valid questionnaires returned. The prevalence of sleep disorder, daytime tiredness and sleepiness was 45.92%, 16.31% and 13.30%, respectively. The differences of the nurses' sleep quality at night between different ages, marriages, educational backgrounds and professional titles were statistically significant (P<0.05) , while the differences of daytime burnout and sleep state between different shift systems were statistically significant (P<0.01) . Night sleep quality was positively correlated with daytime tiredness and sleepiness (P<0.05) . The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, marriage, educational background and professional title had an impact on nurses' sleep quality at night (P<0.05) . Shift system had an impact on nurses' daytime burnout and sleep apnea (P<0.01) .ConclusionThere was a high prevalence of night sleep disorder, daytime tiredness and sleepiness among the shift nurses. Nursing administrators and managers should pay more attention to the night sleep quality of nurses who aged over 30 years old, married, without a bachelor degree and those with a lower professional rank. Furthermore, the current situation of daytime tiredness and sleepiness among two-shift only nurses was worrisome.