低共熔溶剂在样品前处理中的应用

Application of deep eutectic solvents in sample preparation

在化学分析过程中,为了浓缩复杂样品中的微量分析物,去除基质干扰,通常需要进行样品前处理,开发一种简单、高效、快速且环境友好的样品前处理技术至关重要.低共熔溶剂(DESs)作为一种新兴的绿色溶剂,与传统有机溶剂相比,具有低挥发性、可生物降解、环境友好、成本低和组合灵活等特点,可结合各种萃取技术如超声辅助萃取、微波辅助萃取、中空纤维萃取和固相萃取等,广泛应用到样品前处理中.该技术不仅提高了萃取效率,而且可以降低常规分析的成本,减少对人类健康和环境污染影响.本文综述了近5年DESs在食品、环境、生物、天然产物以及石油化工等领域的样品前处理过程中的应用.

In the chemical analysis process, in order to concentrate the trace analytes in complex samples and remove the matrix interference, sample preparation is necessary. It is vitally important to develop a simple, efficient, rapid and environmentally friendly sample preparation technique. Deep eutectic solvents(DESs) as a kind of emerging green solvent, have unique features such as low volatility, biodegradability, environmental friendliness, low cost and adjustable miscibility compared with the traditional organic solvents. DESs have been widely used in the sample preparation by combining with various extraction techniques such as ultrasound assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, hollow fiber extraction and solid phase extraction. It can not only improve extraction efficiency and reduce the cost of conventional analysis, but also reduce the detrimental impacts on human health and environmental pollution.The present review provides the applications of DESs in the analysis of food, environment, biological samples, natural products and petrochemical industry in recent 5 years.