乌鲁木齐地区3335例儿童过敏原检测结果分析

Analysis of detection results of 3335 children allergens in Xinjiang

目的对乌鲁木齐儿童医院2016年9月-2017年9月过敏患者或是疑似过敏患者进行吸入性及食物性过敏原检测,为临床儿童过敏性疾病的预防和诊治提供依据。方法采用全自动免疫印迹仪半定量检测血清中过敏原特异性Ig E抗体。结果在检测的3335例患者中,总阳性率为46.06%。男性患儿过敏原阳性率为47.67%,女性患儿过敏原阳性率为43.58%,男女患儿的阳性率差异在<1岁组和(1～3)岁组有统计学意义,在(4～6)岁组和(7～14)岁组差异无统计学意义。其中吸入性过敏原阳性率为23.96%,食物性过敏原阳性率为55.91%。吸入性过敏原中以艾蒿最高(13.37%),其次是树组合2(11.45%);食物性过敏原中以鸡蛋白最高(13.22%),其次是牛奶(11.87%);在四季中过敏原阳性率最高的是夏季,阳性率为58.71%,其次是春季,阳性率为41.46%。结论吸入性过敏原主要是艾蒿、杨树/柳树/榆树,食物性过敏原主要是鸡蛋白、牛奶,其次引起儿童过敏性疾病与年龄、性别、季节有关。

Objective To detect inhalation and food allergens in allergic or suspected allergic patients of Urumqi children’s hospital from September 2016 to September 2017, so as to provide evidence for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases in clinical children. Methods Fully automatic imprinting was used to detect the specific Ig E antibody in serum. Results Among the 3,335 patients tested, the total positive rate was 46.06%. The positive rate of allergen was 47.67% in male children, 43.58% in female children,and the difference between male and female children was statistically significant in the group <1 years old and the group 1-3 years old, but not in the group 4-6 years old and the group 7-14 years old. The positive rate of inhalation allergen was 23.96% and that of food allergen was 55.91%. Artemisia argyi was the highest in inhaled allergens(13.37%), followed by tree combination 2(11.45%). Among food allergens, egg whiteness was the highest(13.22%), followed by milk(11.87%). The highest positive rate of allergen was 58.71% in summer, followed by spring, which was 41.46%. Conclusion the major inhalation allergens are artemisia argyi, poplar/willow/elm, and the major food allergens are egg white and milk. Secondly, children allergic diseases are related to age, gender and season.