延安地区女性泌尿生殖道感染情况与流行病学分析

The prevalence of genitourinary tract infections among female outpatients in Yan′an

目的探讨延安地区女性泌尿生殖道感染患者淋球菌(neisseria gonorrhoeae,NG)、沙眼衣原体(chlamydozoa trachomatis,CT)、解脲脲原体(ureaplasma urealyticum,UU)感染情况和流行病学特点。方法收集2013年1月至2017年12月延安大学附属医院就诊的疑似泌尿生殖道感染的女性患者648例,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应技术(FQ-PCR)对患者生殖道样本同时进行NG、CT和UU病原体DNA检测,并对结果进行统计分析。结果 3种病原体的总阳性率为57.72%(374/648)。病原体单一感染、混合感染分别占71.66%(268/374)、28.34%(106/374),单一感染模式高于混合感染模式,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=98.63,P<0.05)。单一UU感染的阳性率最高(20.68%),与CT、NG比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);混合感染中以UU+CT合并感染的阳性率最高(10.80%),与其他混合感染类型比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各年龄段患者病原体感染的阳性构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),患者高发年龄主要分布在21～40岁,占87.43%(327/374)。2013-2017年,3种病原体阳性率呈逐年增高的趋势(P<0.05)。结论 CT和UU是延安地区女性泌尿生殖道感染的主要病原体,并以21～40岁感染例数所占比例较高,3种病原体总阳性率呈逐年上升趋势,应重视该人群CT和UU的检测。

Objective To understand the prevalence of genitourinary tract infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae(NG),Chlamydozoa trachomatis(CT)and Ureaplasma urealyticum(UU)among female outpatients in Yan′an,so as to provide scientific evidence for disease clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Genital tract samples were collected from 648 female outpatients with suspetious genitourinary tract infection in the Affiliated Hospital of Yan′an University during January 2013 and December 2017.The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR)was applied to amplify DNA of NG,CT and UU. Results The overall positive rate of three pathogens was 57.72%(374/648)with 71.66%(268/374)of single pathogen infection and 28.34%(106/374)of coinfection.The infection rate of UU was significantly higher than CT and NG(P<0.05),and the coinfection rate of CT with UU was the highest(10.80%).The infection rate varied significantly among subjects in difference age group,which was the highest(87.43%)among those in the age group of 21-40 years.During 2013-2017,the overall positive rate of all three pathogens increased annually(P<0.05). Conclusions CT and UU were the leading pathogens of female urogenital tract infection in Yan′an,especially women of 21-40 years old.The overall infection rate went up annually,therefore,health education and special attention should be given to women with high risk of genitourinary tract infection.