“中西医并重”视角下中医“治未病”与健康管理的对比及融合研究

Discussion on Comparison and Fusion of Preventive Treatment of Chinese Medicine and Health Management in the Perspective of "Equal Importance on Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine"

自2007年,国家中医药管理局实施中医治未病健康工程以来,相继推行"治未病"科建设,印发了中医药健康管理服务规范,大力构建中医预防保健服务体系。中医"治未病"的未病先防、既病防变与瘥后防复等思想内涵充分体现了中医预防保健的思维模式,而健康管理是对健康危险因素的监测、评估、干预与随访跟踪的全过程。本文通过比较研究法,从历史源流、思想内涵、指导思想及关键策略与技术等方面对中医"治未病"与健康管理进行了深入对比剖析,发掘了中医"治未病"在理论层面和综合调理手段上优势更为明显,而现代健康管理在应用流程与技术方法更为先进;二者的相同点在于对健康促进与疾病预防的追求,强调整体医学观念及对影响健康之"因"的关注,且在理论与实践、核心理念及技术方法上存在可能融合点。中医"治未病"思想指导下的"未病-未传-未复"阶段性监测-评估-干预应为中医健康管理的主导思路,当前基于中医"治未病"思想指导下的亚健康、体质偏颇、慢性病等人群的健康管理(预防、治疗及康复干预)研究取得一定成效,但不同生命周期的中医健康或疾病风险监测与评估有待加强。

Since 2007, the State Administration of TCM has implemented the preventive treatment of TCM health project,support the development of the Preventive treatment Section, issued the TCM health management service standards for special groups, and vigorously established the TCM preventive health service system. The thought of preventive treatment in TCM fully embodies the thinking mode of preventive and health care for TCM, but health management is a specific process of monitoring, evaluation, intervention and follow-up of health risk factors. In this paper, through comparative research methods, we analyzed the similarities and differences between preventive treatment of TCM and health management from historical origins, ideological content, guiding ideology, and key strategies and techniques, and we have discovered preventive treatment of TCM has more obvious advantages in theoretical height and comprehensive conditioning, and modern health management is more advanced in the application process and technical means. Their common points in the pursuit of health promotion and disease prevention, the emphasis on holistic medical concepts, and the focus on health risk factors, and the possible fusion of preventive treatment of TCM and health management in core ideas, theory and practice and technical methods, especially for prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of sub-health,constitution bias, chronic diseases and other groups. The phased monitoring-assessment-intervention approach under the guidance of the idea of preventive treatment can provide suggestions for the development ideas of TCM health management. Research on TCM health risks monitoring and assessment in different life cycles needs to be strengthened.