木瓜无公害栽培技术探讨

Discussion on the Non-pollution Cultivation Technology of Chaenomelis Fructus

木瓜是我国传统中药,来源于蔷薇科植物贴梗海棠[Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai]的干燥近成熟果实,具有平肝舒筋、和胃化湿的功效。随着可用林地的逐步限制,农田栽培将成为木瓜种植产业发展的主要模式,而无公害生产是未来木瓜产业发展的主要方向。通过多年农田种植木瓜研究数据及产区调研结果,该文制订了木瓜无公害生产标准操作规程。该规程包括木瓜无公害栽培环境选择、无公害种植方法、田间管理、病虫害防治及质量控制等内容。该文提出培育适宜农田栽培的优质新品种,建立病虫害综合防治平台等技术措施,以促进木瓜农田种植产业的健康可持续发展。

Chaenomelis Fructus is a traditional medicinal material derived from dry near-mature fruit of Chaenomeles speciosa(Sweet) Nakai. Chaenomelis Fructus has efficacy of leveling liver and relaxing tendons, harmonizing the stomach and resolving dampness. As the limit of the usage of available forest land, cultivated ginseng in the farmland would become the mainly Chaenomelis Fructus planting mode, meanwhile the non-polluted production technology would be the mainly development direction in the future. In this study, the non-polluted cultivation technology system of Chaenomelis Fructus was established based on the research results of field investigation in the cultivated regions. The system includes suitable planting regions selecting, planting method, field management, pest control and quality control. In order to promote the healthy and sustainable development of the cropland industry of Chaenomelis Fructus, the new varieties of good quality cultivated in farmland and the comprehensive prevention and control platform of disease and insect pest are put forward in this paper.