血管新生的形成及其与疾病的相关性研究进展

Progress in the Study of the Formation of Angiogenesis and Its Correlation with Diseases

血管新生是一种由体内产生的某些生物分子严格控制的,以原有血管系统为基础,从血管外膜再发展出新的毛细血管网,从而形成一个完整血流供应系统的正常和复杂的生理过程。血液构成胚胎发育的第一个器官,供应着组织机体内所需的各种营养物质。因此一个成熟,完整,复杂而有序的血管脉络系统是生命机体平衡的前提与基础。生理性血管新生,是由体内多种细胞,激活因子和抑制因子共同参与的一个高度动态平衡的过程,其在胚胎发育,伤口愈合和侧支循环形成改善器官灌注中起着至关重要的作用。然而,近年来国内外的研究比较关注,异常加速或病理性的血管新生。科学研究表明,这种失常,不受控制的血管新生不仅可以促使机体炎症反应的发生,同时也参与体内多种恶性疾病和心血管疾病的发生,包括实体肿瘤,动脉粥样硬化,以及致盲性视网膜病变等疾病。因此,本篇综述主要阐述了血管新生的基本形成过程,及其与主要相关疾病的关联,并结合目前国内外的研究报导,对其治疗前景作出展望。

Angiogenesis is a kind of normal and complex physiological process that forms a blood supply system based on the original vascular system and develops a new capillary network from the vascular adventitia. Blood constitutes the first organ in the development of the embryo, supplying the various nutrients needed in the body of the organism. Therefore, a mature, complete, complex and orderly system of vascular veins is the premise and basis of life balance. Physiological angiogenesis, a process that is involved in a variety of cells, activators and inhibitors in the body, is a highly dynamic equilibrium process that plays a crucial role in embryonic development,wound healing, and collateral circulation to improve organ perfusion. However, in recent years, more and more attention has been paid to domestic and international researches, and abnormally accelerated or pathological angiogenesis. Scientific studies show that this abnormal and uncontrolled angiogenesis can not only promote the body’s inflammatory response, but also participate in various malignant diseases in the body and cardiovascular disease, such as solid tumors, atherosclerosis, blinding retinopathy and other diseases. Therefore,this review focuses on the basic process of angiogenesis and its association with the major related diseases. Combined with the current research reports both at home and abroad, the prospect of the treatment is forecasted.