精准扶贫中建档立卡贫困户脱贫认同的影响因素分析

Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Poor Households Out-of-poverty Identity in Targeted Poverty Alleviation

在精准脱贫考核评估过程中,脱贫认同是衡量贫困户是否真正脱贫的重要标准。本文通过实证分析揭示了已脱贫农户的脱贫认同影响因素。研究表明,家庭人均收入、脱贫程序规范性、家庭发展能力、脱贫公平感和脱贫成效满意度均对已脱贫户的脱贫认同具有显著影响。因此,在县、村、户不同层面的脱贫考核评估中,应重视脱贫认同这一主观性指标;在脱贫客观标准上,应重视家庭发展能力考核指标的构建,对发展后劲不足但收入暂时达到脱贫线的农户不应强制脱贫,对"硬伤户"的剔除标准应充分考虑农户自身发展能力问题,还应特别关注"因病致贫"农户的长期发展能力问题;精准脱贫不仅要通过鼓励农户参与以体现互动性公平,更要理顺精准管理的体制机制,以体现脱贫考核的过程公平。

In the process of evaluating the effects of Targeted Poverty Alleviation,the out-of-poverty identity is an important criterion to measure whether poor households are really out of poverty. Through empirical analysis,this paper reveals the factors affecting out-of-poverty identity. Results have shown that family per capita income,whether the poverty alleviation follows a normative procedure,family development ability,sense of fairness when getting out of poverty,and satisfaction with poverty alleviation,have significant effects on their out-of-poverty identity.Therefore,in the evaluation of targeted poverty alleviation,more attention should be paid to this subjective indicator,out-of-poverty identity. In addition,It is also important to pay attention to the construction of an objective indicator: family development ability. The households whose development stamina is insufficient but the income is temporarily above the poverty-line,shouldn’t be considered as out-of-poverty. Meanwhile,the long-term development ability of the households which fall into poverty due to illness,needs to be improved. Targeted poverty alleviation asks for not only interactive justice as a result of farmers’ participation,but also the fairness in the evaluation of the results of targeted poverty alleviation by straightening out the system and mechanisms of targeted poverty alleviation.