2016—2018年度江油地区儿童和青少年全血微量元素缺乏情况追踪分析

A follow-up analysis of trace element deficiency in whole blood of children and adolescents in Jiangyou area in 2016-2018

目的追踪调查2016—2018年度江油地区儿童和青少年体内铁、钙、锌、铜、镁5种微量元素的缺乏情况,为本地区儿童和青少年体内微量元素的补充提供合理的科学依据。方法收集2016—2018年度在江油市人民医院行全血微量元素检测的14 569例0～17岁儿童和青少年的抗凝全血标本,采用原子吸收光谱法(博晖全血多元素分析仪BH2100T)检测标本中的微量元素(铁、钙、锌、铜、镁),并按照0～2岁、3～4岁、5～7岁、8～12岁、13～17岁5个年龄组对检测结果进行综合分析。结果 2016—2018年度江油地区儿童和青少年体内5种微量元素的缺乏率从高到低依次为铁(23.70%)、钙(17.63%)、锌(11.49%)、铜(0.91%)、镁(0.65%),且不同年龄段之间各微量元素缺乏率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 2016—2018年度江油市地区儿童和青少年体内铁、钙、锌、铜、镁5种微量元素存在缺乏情况,其中以钙、铁元素缺乏最为普遍,锌元素次之。

Objective To investigate and follow up the lack of iron, copper, magnesium, calcium and zinc in the whole blood of children and adolescents in Jiangyou area from 2016 to 2018, so as to provide reasonable scientific basis for the supplement of trace elements. Methods 14 569 anti-coagulated whole blood samples of children and adolescents aged 0-17 years old were collected from Jiangyou City People’s Hospital from 2016 to 2018. The trace elements(iron, copper, magnesium, calcium and zinc) in the blood samples were detected by atomic absorption spectrometry(BH2100T), the examined objects were divided into 5 age groups: 0-2, 3-4, 5-7, 8-12 and 13-17 years old, and the results were comprehensively analyzed. Results From 2016 to 2018, the sequence of the five trace element deficiency rates from high to low of children and adolescents in Jiangyou area were iron(23.70%), calcium(17.63%), zinc(11.49%), copper(0.91%) and magnesium(0.65%), and there was statistically significant difference in every trace element deficiency rate among different age groups(all P < 0.05). Conclusion There were lack of iron, copper, magnesium, calcium and zinc in children and adolescents in Jiangyou city area from 2016 to 2018, of which deficiency of calcium and iron was relatively common, followed by zinc.