real-time PCR 在流感哨点监测中的应用效果观察

Application effect of real-time PCR in sentinel monitoring of influenza

目的分析研究real-time PCR在流感哨点监测中的应用效果和实际作用,进一步提高流感监测的工作效率。方法按照2017版《全国流感监测方案》,收到哨点医院流感样病例标本后,在2个工作日内利用real-time PCR进行流感病毒亚型或系鉴定,对于检测结果阳性的标本,1周内利用状态良好的MDCK细胞进行病毒分离,检测结果在检测完成后48 h内录入"中国流感监测信息系统"。结果全年共分离流感毒株373株,病毒分离率为17.36%;分离的三类流感病毒H1N1型、B型、H3N2型的分离率分别为93.83%、76.49%、49.07%,三类流感病毒分离率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=61.99,P<0.01);3种类型的流感毒株滴度构成进行比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=180,P<0.01)。其中H3N2的毒株主要集中在1:8滴度。结论在流感哨点监测中,应用real-time PCR进行初筛分型,可以提高病毒分离率,及时发现病毒变异株,更加有效地防控流感疫情。

Objective The application effect and practical effect of real-time PCR in influenza sentinel monitoring were analyzed to further improve the working efficiency of influenza surveillance. Methods According to the 2017 National Influenza Surveillance Program, after receiving the specimens of influenza-like cases in sentinel hospitals, real-time PCR was used to identify influenza virus subtypes or lines within 2 working days. For the samples with positive test results, the virus was isolated using good-quality MDCK cells within 1 week, and the results were recorded in the China Influenza Surveillance Information System within 48 hours after the completion of the test. Results A total of 373 strains of influenza strain were isolated throughout the year, and the virus separation rate was 17.36%. The isolation rates of the three types of influenza viruses H1 N1, B, and H3 N2 were 93.83%, 76.49%, and 49.07%, respectively. The isolation rate differences of the three types of influenza viruses were statistically significant(χ^=261.99, P<0.01);the titer composition of three types of influenza strains was compared, and the difference was statistically significant(χ^=2180, P<0.01). Among them, the strain of H3 N2 was mainly concentrated at 1:8 titer. Conclusion In flu sentinel monitoring, the application of real-time PCR for initial screening can improve the virus isolation rate, detect virus variants in time, and more effectively prevent and control the flu epidemic.