中国法治评估量化方法研究的龃龉与磨合

The Weakness and Improvement of Research on Quantitative Method of Law Evaluation in China

近年来伴随着相关理论日渐成熟与相关实践遍地开花,法治评估已经成为学术界和实务界共同关注的知识新增长点和实践动力机制。尽管法治评估的理论与实践历经10余载的蓬勃发展,发展态势喜人。然而在如荼的繁华背后,也面临着理论与实践的方法困顿与背反,越来越多的学者开始反思法治评估的方法论困境以及未来转型之辩难。立足于这一知识生产的学理背景,通过对国内既有的量化法治评估体系的理论基石、评估指标体系设计、评估数据收集和具体权重、评估结果的统计分析以及结果的信度和效度检验等具体实施环节所关涉的量化评估方法进行反省与重构,我们发现当前量化法治评估领域存在着理论根基的浅薄、技术保障的欠缺、运算过程的不透明以及评估结果的反馈校验机制缺乏等认知层面和实践层面的误区和偏差。为此,我们有必要澄澈既有混沌困局,将目光投射于既有量化法治评估方法研究的龃龉窘境,围绕着理论根基的夯实、评估方法应用的实践场域、元评估方法的引介与推广以及渐进实验的反馈修正机制的开放式应用等内容展开。最后,中国量化评估方法研究应当坚持实验主义的方法论框架和发展理念,在渐进试错和现实磨合中逐渐发挥其实际效能,探究本土化的法治评估道路。

In recent years,the theory and practice of law evaluation has developed rapidly,which has received extensive attention from academia and people concerning it in practical field.The law evaluation,though undergone booming development,also faces many troubles concerning how to handle the difficulties brought by time change.Basing on the theoretical background,we have introspected and reconstructed the basic point of this theory,blue print,data collection,statistics,and the credibility of its result.In the process,we found many problems,such as its weak theoretical foundation,lack of technical support,confidential operation process,deviation existing in the feedback mechanism of result.Faced with these problems,we should clarify the doubts and improve the research method of law evaluation.In the process of researching law evaluation in China,we should attach great importance to experimental doctrine and development ideology.