全球深水油气重大新发现及启示

Major new discoveries of oil and gas in global deepwaters and enlightenment

2010年以来,全球深水油气勘探取得了一系列震惊世界的重大突破,成为常规油气发现最重要的接替领域。其中新盆地群的突破和已突破油气盆地群的新发现是两大重要方向。2010年以来全球深水油气重大新发现包括:中美洲东部大陆边缘的圭亚那盆地,东非大陆边缘深水区的鲁伍马盆地、坦桑尼亚盆地,特提斯盆地群的地中海东段,加拿大东部大陆边缘深水区。2011—2016年,全球深水区已证实有油气田的9个盆地群的重大新发现包括:西非陆缘深水区中段北段、巴西大坎波斯盆地、墨西哥湾盆地深水区、挪威西部陆缘深水区、澳大利亚西北陆架深水区、中国南海深水区、东南亚深水区、孟加拉湾深水区和环北极深水盆地群。这些新发现证实富油气盆地都具有形成有机质丰度高的世界级优质烃源岩的古环境,存在物性好、产能高的优质储层。新盆地突破的成功在于勇于向新区、禁区探索;成熟盆地取得持续发现的经验在于向新层系突破,特别是向盐下突破。由此可见,全球深水油气依然是未来世界常规油气勘探的主体领域。

A series of major breakthroughs have been achieved in global deepwater oil and gas exploration since 2010,which has been the most important replaced field of conventional oil and gas discovery.The breakthroughs in new basin groups and the rediscoveries in the early discovered basin groups point out two significant exploration directions.There have been new significant discoveries of oil and gas in four deepwater basins since 2010,including Guyana Basin on the eastern continental margin of Central America,Rovuma Basin and Tanzania Basin in the deepwater area of East African continental margin,the eastern Mediterranean of the Tethys Basin Group and the deepwater area of the continental margin of eastern Canada.From2011 to 2016,it has been confirmed that nine basin groups in global deepwaters have achieved new great oil and gas exploration discoveries,including the mid-northern deepwaters of West African continental margin,the Great Campos Basin in Brazil,the deepwater area of Gulf of Mexico Basin,the deepwaters of western continental margin of Norway and North West Shelf of Australia,the deepwaters of the South China Sea,Southeast Asia and the Bay of Bengal,and circumpolar deepwater basin group.These discoveries prove that the hydrocarbon-rich basin has the paleo-environment for the formation of high-quality source rocks with high organic matter abundance and favorable reservoirs with good properties and high productivity.The successful breakthrough in new basin is to bravely explore new areas and restricted areas.The experience gained from constant discoveries in mature basins is to break through new horizons,especially the pre-salt reservoirs.It can be seen that global deepwater hydrocarbon is always the main field of future world conventional oil and gas exploration.