中药有效成分减轻对乙酰氨基酚肝损伤研究进展

Research Advance of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Alleviating Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury

对乙酰氨基酚(APAP)是普遍使用的镇痛解热消炎药物之一,其由于盲目大量用药、联合用药或长期用药会引起药物性肝损伤,甚至急性肝衰竭。APAP所诱导肝毒性的机制研究主要集中在其毒性代谢产物的生成、线粒体功能障碍、炎症反应、氧化应激、损伤相关的分子模式(damage associated molecular patterns,DAMPs)的释放、细胞自噬、内质网应激以及微循环功能障碍等方面。笔者归纳了APAP所致药物性肝损伤的毒性机制,并整理了中药有效成分对APAP致肝损伤保护作用的研究进展,其中包括多酚类、黄酮类、皂苷、有机酸、萜类化合物、苯丙素类化合物、糖类、生物碱以及其他化合物,旨在为开发防治APAP致肝损伤的药物提供参考。

Acetaminophen(APAP)is one of the commonly used analgesic antipyretic anti-inflammatory drugs,which cause druginduced liver damage and even acute liver failure due to take large amounts of drugs blindly,combination drugs-using or long-term medication.The mechanisms of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity mainly focus on the generation of toxic metabolites,mitochondrial dysfunction,inflammatory response,oxidative stress,the release of damage associated molecular patterns(DAMPs),autophagy,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and microcirculatory dysfunction.This article summarizes the toxic mechanism of drug-induced liver injury induced by APAP,and summarizes the research progress of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine on the protective effect of APAP-induced liver injury,including polyphenols,flavonoids,saponins,organic acids,terpenoids,phenylpropanoids compounds,sugars,alkaloids and other compounds,to provide a reference for the development of drugs to prevent and treat APAP-induced liver injury.