动物的道德能力与道德权利——从对达尔文生物进化论的曲解谈起

Moral Ability and Moral Rights of Animals:From the Misinterpretation of Darwin's Theory of Biological Evolution

在动物权利视域,人们对动物是否拥有道德权利持有不同立场,但他们似乎都对达尔文生物进化论存有一定程度的曲解与误读。重新认识达尔文生物进化论,厘清自然选择与"弱肉强食"、物种差异与物种歧视、道德能力与道德权利的逻辑关系,对深入探讨动物权利问题具有鲜明的理论价值。本文不主张动物拥有实质性的道德权利,但认为动物权利论是人类对动物道德本分与道德责任的一种表达,是人类生命自我扬弃与进化的一种表现。

In the view of animal rights,there are some misreading and misunderstanding on Darwin’s theory of evolution with different positions on whether animals have moral rights or not. Reunderstanding of Darwin’s evolution,clarifying the logical relationship between natural selection and the " law of the jungle",species differences and species discrimination,the moral ability and moral rights,all these are of great theoretical value to the study of animal rights. This article does not claim that animals have some substantial moral rights,but think that the theory of animal rights is an expression of human moral capacity and moral responsibility,and a manifestation of self-sublation and evolution of human life.