汽车盘式制动器制动噪声优化抑制仿真

Optimal Suppression Simulation on Automotive Disc Brake Noise

制动噪声会降低汽车的乘坐舒适性,损害乘员的健康,造成环境污染和影响制动的平稳性。由于制动噪声受摩擦特性、制动器结构、环境和制动工况等因素的影响,抑制制动噪声一直是难点问题。针对某SUV后轮盘式制动器出现的制动尖叫问题,利用有限元软件建立了完整的盘式制动器接触耦合有限元模型。通过试验模态分析的方法,验证了有限元模型的有效性。应用复模态分析方法预测出系统的不稳定模态。为了抑制制动尖叫,采用了在制动块背板粘贴消音片的方法,消音片的阻尼采用瑞利阻尼来进行描述。在不同摩擦系数下,分析了消音片粘贴位置和阻尼层厚度对制动噪声的影响。仿真结果说明:消音片粘贴位置和阻尼层厚度对制动噪声有重要影响,其中两侧粘贴消音片且阻尼层厚度为0.30mm时抑制噪声的效果最好。

Brake noise can reduce the riding comfort,damage the health of the passenger,cause environmental pollution and affect the brake stability. However,brake noise is always a difficult problem due to the influence of friction characteristics,brake structure,environment and brake conditions. Aiming at the rear disc brake squeal for an SUV,the complete finite element model( FEM) of contact coupling of disc brake was established by using finite element software. The validity of the FEM was verified by the experimental modal analysis method. The complex modal analysis method was used to predict the unstable modes of the system. In order to suppress brake squeal,the method of sticking the insulator on the backboard was adopted. The insulator damping is described by Rayleigh damping. Under different friction coefficients,the influences of insulator sticking position and damping layer thickness on brake noise were analyzed. The simulation results show that the insulator position and the damping layer thickness have an important influence on the brake noise,and the noise suppression effect is best when the two sides are coated with the insulator and the damping layer thickness is 0.30 mm.