中国博士教育规模扩张:必要性、可行性及其路径选择

The Scale Expansion of Chinese Doctoral Education:Necessity, Feasibility and Path Choice

中国博士教育规模的扩张问题目前还缺乏系统全面的分析。数据显示,我国学术劳动力市场和非学术劳动力市场对博士毕业生的需求均尚未满足;博士培养的支撑条件,包括导师队伍、研发经费和资助经费近几年显著夯实。扩大博士教育规模具有其必要性和可行性。但博士教育规模应按渐进式的方式适度扩张,并从"双一流"建设高校向普通大学分层扩散,稳定学术学位、微扩专业学位、增设新式学位,同时通过夯实支撑条件、完善分流淘汰制以保障博士生培养质量。

The issue of doctoral education scale expansion in China still lacks systematic and comprehensive analysis. Data reality shows that the demand for both the academic labor market and the non-academic labor market have not been satisfied. The supporting conditions of doctoral education, including advisor team, research and development funds and grants, have increased significantly during recent years. Thus, it is necessary and feasible to expand the scale of doctor education. However, the expansion of doctoral education scale should be gradual. Besides, diffusing from the "Double First-Class" university to the general university hierarchically, as well as stabilizing academic degrees, expanding professional degrees slightly and adding new type degrees. At the same time, enhancing the resources supporting and implementing elimination mechanism to ensure quality.