公众参与的法律定位——以城市环境制度事例为考察的对象

Legal Position of Public Participation——Taking the Case of Urban Environmental System as the Object of Investigation

中国快速城市化导致了在既有城市规划中因建设项目的环境影响而引发的大量冲突事件。本文以典型事件厦门PX事件为标志,整理了该事件前后有关城市环境法律制度中有关公众参与规定的状况和包括行政复议及行政诉讼在内的相关案件,并通过以公众参与对行政活动的行为约束程度为横轴和以结果约束程度为纵轴的分析框架,尝试对十年来我国公众参与状况进行法律上的定位,努力为公众参与融入法学研究寻找可能的路径。

China’s rapid urbanization has led to a large number of conflicts arising from the environmental impact of construction projects in existing urban planning.Based on the typical event Xiamen PX incident,this paper sorts out the relevant public participation regulations in the urban environmental legal system before and after the incident and related cases including administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation.Furthermore,this paper constructs a analytical framework which includes the degree of constraint from public participation upon administrative behaviors as horizontal axis and the degree of constraint from result as vertical axis;tries to legally confirm the position of public participation in China in the past ten years;and seeks to provide feasible paths to integrate public participation into the scope of legal research.