麻黄与石膏不同配伍对主要成分溶出量的影响

Influence of Different Compatibility of Ephedra and Gypsum on the Dissolution of Main Effective Constituents

目的:考察麻黄石膏不同配伍中2种主要有机成分、Ca^(2+)及微量金属元素的含量变化。方法:采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse plus phenyl-Hexyl色谱柱(250 mm×4. 6 mm,5μm),流动相为1. 16%醋酸铵溶液-甲醇(84∶16),柱温:30℃,于257nm波长处测定盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱,流速:1. 0 ml·min^(-1)。选用火焰原子吸收分光光度法(FAAS)测定各药物组中Ca^(2+)及微量金属离子的含量。结果:麻黄石膏配伍会抑制石膏与麻黄中Ca^(2+)溶出,促进其他微量金属离子溶出,抑制盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱的溶出;石膏用量增大会促进盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱的溶出但Ca^(2+)溶出量不增加;麻黄与硫酸钙1∶2共煎明显促进麻黄中微量元素的溶出,但Ca^(2+)溶出被抑制,盐酸麻黄碱和盐酸伪麻黄碱的溶出量成倍量增加。结论:麻黄石膏1∶2共煎煮可降低麻黄碱的溶出,促进其微量元素的溶出,而Ca^(2+)溶出量保持在稳定范围,相互制约,从而发挥宣肺平喘之效。

Objective: To study the variation of two major organic components,Ca2+and trace metal elements in different compatibility of ephedra and gypsum. Methods: The contents of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride were determined at 257 nm with a flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min^-1 by HPLC using an Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse plus phenyl-Hexyl(250 mm× 4. 6 mm,5 μm) column eluted by the mobile phase of 1. 16% ammonium acetate-methanol(84 ∶ 16) at 30℃. The contents of metal elements including Ca^2+,Mg^2+,Zn^2+,Fe^3 +,Mn^2+and Cu^2+were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry(FAAS). Results: After the compatibility of gypsum and ephedra,the content of Ca^2+was decreased while the contents of the other metal elements were increased,and the contents of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride were both reduced after the same compatibility. The dissolution of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride were accelerated when the compatibility proportion of gypsum was increased,while the dissolubility of Ca^2+was unchanged. The dissolution of the trace metal elements and the two alkaloids were promoted,while Ca^2+was inhibited when ephedra was decocted with CaSO4·2H2O at the proportion of 1 ∶ 2. Conclusion: The compatibility of ephedra decocted with gypsum at the proportion of1 ∶ 2 can reduce the content of efedrina and increase the contents of trace elements. The content of Ca^2+is maintained within a high and stable range. The organic components and trace metal elements work together to exhibit the effect of removing heat from lung and eliminating phlegm.