基于STM32的太阳跟踪微控制系统设计

Design of sun tracking micro control system based on STM32

以STM32F429为主控制器,设计了一种高精度太阳跟踪伺服闭环控制系统,采用将视日运动和光电跟踪相结合的方法来提高控制精度。通过全球定位系统(GPS)模块获取天文算法需要的时间和经纬度信息,可以计算出当前时刻太阳的俯仰角和方位角,但无法消除安装误差。通过摄像头采集太阳图像,计算出质心,寻找到天文零点,消除系统的安装误差。同时将误差值定时存入电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM),当由于天气等原因无法进行图像跟踪时,采用视日运动与存储误差相结合的方法继续跟踪。实验表明:设计的伺服闭环跟踪系统可以达到小于0. 1%的控制精度,在民防、军工等方面对提高太阳能利用率具有重要意义。

A high precision sun tracking servo closed-loop control system is designed using STM32F429 as main controller,and control precision is improved by combining solar motion trajectory with photoelectric tracking. By using global positioning system( GPS) module to obtain the time and longitude and latitude information needed by astronomical algorithm,the altitude angle and azimuth angle of the sun can be calculated at present time,but the installation error can not be eliminated. The sun image is collected by camera,the center of mass is calculated,and the astronomical zero point is found,so as to eliminate the installation error of the system. At the same time,the error value is stored into electrically erasable programmable read-only memory( EEPROM) timely. When the image can not be tracked due to weather and other reasons,the system uses a method combines solar motion trajectory with storage error to track the sun. Experiments show that the servo closed-loop tracking system can achieve control procision less than 0. 1 %. It is of great significance in improving the utilization rate of solar energy in civil defense,military and other aspects.