印尼可再生能源与电力发展现状及合作潜力分析

The Status Quo and Cooperation Potential of Indonesia′s Renewable Energy and Power Sector

作为世界人口第四大国及东南亚第一经济体,印度尼西亚巨大的能源需求潜力及良好的经济活力,使其在"一带一路"能源合作中占据着重要地位。印尼拥有丰富的水能、地热能、太阳能等可再生能源资源,然而相比化石能源,印尼可再生能源的开发程度还处于较低水平。随着国际能源转型、环境保护等因素的不断刺激,印尼可再生能源发展空间十分广阔。为了优化能源结构、获得更加清洁和可持续的能源体系,印尼政府正在着手提高可再生能源在能源结构中的比重,并采取多项措施促进和支持可再生能源行业的发展,包括制定和颁布可再生能源发展规划、优惠的电价政策、对外国投资者的税收激励计划等。此外,印尼政治、经济、金融、法律等环境较为稳定,具备良好的投资与合作潜力。随着"一带一路"倡议的深入推进,中国可再生能源产业正在积极寻求国际机遇。近年来,中国和印尼在油气、煤炭、电力等领域已经开展了部分合作,具备良好的合作基础。未来中印两国在可再生能源与电力领域的合作空间十分巨大,基础研究、能力建设和项目合作有望成为该领域今后的合作重点。

Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world and the largest economy in Southeast Asia.With its huge energy demand and economic vitality,Indonesia plays a vital role in the energy cooperation of the Belt and Road Initiative.Indonesia boasts abundant renewable energy resources such as water,geothermal and solar energy.However,Indonesia lags behind in the development of renewable energy compared with fossil fuels.Amid consistent stimulation of international energy transition and environmental protection,there is much space for Indonesia′s renewable energy sector to prosper.To optimize its energy structure towards a cleaner and more sustainable energy mix,the Indonesian government is increasing the proportion of renewable energy in the energy mix.Meanwhile,it has taken various measures to promote and support the development of renewable energy sector,including formulating and issuing renewable energy development plans,concessional tariff policies and tax incentives for foreign investors.Besides,Indonesia enjoys stable political,economic,financial and legislative environment,making it a suitable market to invest and cooperate.As the Belt and Road Initiative makes great headway,China′s renewable energy industry is actively looking for opportunities globally.In recent years,China and Indonesia have conducted cooperation in terms of oil and gas,coal and power,which lays solid foundation for cooperation.Therefore,the prospect for cooperation between China and Indonesia regarding renewable energy and power is quite promising,with fundamental research,capacity building and project cooperation prioritized.