针灸调节内质网应激的研究进展

Progress of researches on acupuncture treatment of diseases by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress

内质网(ER)是蛋白质修饰、折叠和Ca2+贮存的场所,ER内稳态失衡时,即发生内质网应激(ERS)。ERS及其诱导的凋亡与许多疾病的发生发展密切相关。针灸能够影响细胞ERS以及细胞凋亡因子的表达而调节ERS。本文综述了近5年针灸调节神经系统疾病、糖尿病、心血管疾病、非酒精性脂肪肝等相关疾病细胞ERS的研究进展,为阐释针灸防治相关疾病的可能机制提供参考。

Endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)is one of the major defense networks in mammals,but continuous ERS will lead to cell apoptosis,inducing initiation and progression of many human diseases.Biochemical,physiological and pathological stimuli induced ERS may help the cells adapt to and survive stress conditions by activating unfolded protein response(UPR),ERoverload response and sterol modulation cascade reaction.Abundant outcomes of clinical and experimental studies in recent5 years showed that acupuncture and moxibustion therapies are effective in improving some symptoms of nervous system diseases as stroke,Parkinson’s disease,convulsion,cardiovascular diseases,diabetes mellitus,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,spinal cord injury,muscular injury,etc.,which is closely associated with their functions in relieving excessive ERS and cell apoptosis via modulating UPR pathway.Some important molecules or signaling pathways such as glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78),Caspase-12,ER transmembrane kinase inositol-requiring and ER-to-nucleus signaling protein(IRE1 P),phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase(p-ERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α(eIF2α),activating transcription factor 4(ATF4),CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein(CHOP),etc.have been demonstrated to be involved in the effects of acupuncture-moxibustion interventions.But,the mechanism of acupuncture-moxibustion underlying improvement of ERS remains far more unclear.Future studies targeting the combination of molecules and holistic function,verification of changes of the involved protein molecules and multiple signaling pathways,balancing regulation between the cell survival and apoptosis,etc.by adopting syndrome-differentiation-based acupoints are definitely needed.