论18世纪英国学园的兴起

The Rise of Dissenting Academies in 18^(th) Century Britain

17世纪末,非国教徒为弥补自身高等教育权利的丧失而开办学园。18世纪,学园逐步兴起。学园的兴起是国家宗教宽容政策和英国社会变迁综合作用的结果。在兴起过程中,学园针对传统教育弊端进行革新,构建了不同于牛津大学和剑桥大学的教育模式。整体而言,学园对于英国宗教多元化、高等教育近代化和社会世俗化产生深远影响。

At the end of 17th century,dissenting academies came into being to make up the situation that dissenters,to some extent,lost the right of receiving higher education.During the 18th-century, dissenting academies gradually developed,as a result of the government's religious?tolerance policy and social changes.At the Dissenting academies,the traditional education was reformed, and therefore a new educational mode different from Oxford University and the Cambridge University was formed.In general,dissenting academies play an important role in religious pluralism,educational modernization and social secularization.