高血压老人睡眠质量现状及与孤独感的关系

Relationship between sleep quality and loneliness in elderly hypertensive patients

目的:调查了解高血压老人睡眠质量现状及与孤独感的关系。方法:选取乌鲁木齐市某三级甲等医院老年病科就诊的60岁以上高血压老人201例作为调查对象,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、UCLA孤独量表进行测评研究。结果:本样本的睡眠障碍发生率为64.18%。单因素分析发现,女性高血压老人PSQI总分及睡眠效率得分显著高于男性高血压老人(t=2.226,P=0.027;t=2.928,P=0.004)。已婚高血压老人主观睡眠质量得分显著低于单身高血压老人(t=-2.340,P=0.020)。空巢高血压老人PSQI总分及主观睡眠质量得分显著高于非空巢高血压老人(t=3.221,P=0.002;t=2.619,P=0.009)。有并发症高血压老人PSQI总分及睡眠效率、日间功能障碍得分显著高于无并发症高血压老人(t=3.209,P=0.002;t=2.754,P=0.007;t=2.394,P=0.018)。家庭关系较为融洽高血压老人PSQI总分及睡眠时间、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍得分显著低于隔阂多高血压老人(P<0.05,P<0.01)。年龄60~64岁高血压老人PSQI总分及入睡时间、睡眠时间、日间功能障碍得分显著高于75~79岁老人(P<0.05),80岁及以上高血压老人PSQI总分及主观睡眠质量、入睡时间得分显著高于75~79岁老人(P<0.05)。孤独感高分高血压老人PSQI总分显著高于孤独感中间、低分老人(P<0.05,P<0.01)。孤独感进入PSQI总分的回归方程(β=0.536,P<0.01)。结论:高血压老人睡眠质量因不同人口学特征而异,孤独感对高血压老人睡眠质量具有一定的预测关系。

Objective:To investigate the relationship between sleep quality and loneliness in elderly hypertensive patients.Methods:A total of 201 elderly hypertension patients over 60 years old in the geriatric department of a third grade hospital in Urumqi were selected as the subjects,who were investigated by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)and UCLA loneliness scale.Results:The incidence rate of sleep disturbance was 64.18%.The total PSQI score and sleep efficiency score of female elderly hypertensive patients were significantly higher than those of male elderly hypertensive patients(t=2.226,2.928;P<0.01).The score of subjective sleep quality of married elderly hypertensive patients was significantly lower than that of single elderly hypertensive patients(t=-2.340,P<0.05).The total PSQI score and subjective sleep quality score of empty-nest elderly hypertensive patients were significantly higher than those of non-empty-nest elderly hypertensive patients(t=3.221,2.619;P<0.01).The total PSQI scores,and the scores of sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction of the elderly hypertension patients with complication were significantly higher than those of the elderly hypertension patients without complication(t=3.209,2.754,2.394;P<0.05).The total PSQI scores,and the scores of sleep time,sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction of the elderly hypertension patients with harmonious family relationship were significantly lower than those of the elderly hypertension patients with disharmony family relationship(F=11.905,3.881,6.553,3.940;P<0.05).The total scores of PSQI and the scores of fall asleep time,sleep time and daytime dysfunction of the elderly hypertension patients aged60-64 years old were significantly higher than those of the elderly hypertension patients aged 75-79 years old(P<0.05).The total scores of PSQI and the scores of subjective sleep quality and sleep time of the elderly hypertension patients more than 80 years old were significantly higher than those of the elderly hypertension patients aged 75-79 years old(P<0.05).The total PSQI scores of the elderly hypertension patients with high loneliness scores was significantly higher than those of the middle and low loneliness scores(F=24.785,P<0.01).Loneliness entered the regression equation of PSQI total score(β=0.536,P<0.01).Conclusion:The sleep quality of elderly hypertension patients varies with different demographic characteristics.Loneliness has a positively predictive relationship on the sleep quality of the elderly hypertension patients.