焦点解决短程心理辅导对实习护士心理弹性和职业倦怠感的影响

Effects of solution-focused brief therapy on psychological resilience and job burnout of practice nurses

目的:探索焦点解决短程心理辅导(SFBT)对实习护士心理弹性和职业倦怠感的影响。方法:选取我院196例实习护士分为两组,98例给予常规带教模式培训(对照组),另外98例增加焦点解决短程心理辅导(研究组)。分别于干预前、干预6周后对比两组实习护士心理弹性、心理健康状况、职业倦怠感和工作满意度。结果:干预6周后,研究组实习护士乐观(t=-3.06,P<0.05)、自强(t=-3.83,P<0.05)、坚韧(t=-5.90,P<0.05)、心理弹性量表总分(t=-7.07,P<0.05)均显著高于对照组;研究组实习护士躯体化(t=10.90,P<0.05)、强迫症(t=4.86,P<0.05)、人际关系(t=3.46,P<0.05)、抑郁(t=4.58,P<0.05)、焦虑(t=7.61,P<0.05)、敌对(t=6.37,P<0.05)、恐怖(t=4.56,P<0.05)、偏执(t=4.18,P<0.05)、精神病性(t=2.17,P<0.05)评分均显著低于对照组;研究组实习护士情绪疲惫(t=9.63,P<0.05)、人格解体(t=7.87,P<0.05)、成就感降低(t=9.51,P<0.05)、职业倦怠感量表总分(t=10.26,P<0.05)均显著高于对照组;研究组实习护士工作的状态(t=-4.61,P<0.05)、工作中的人际关系(t=-7.70,P<0.05)、工作满意度量表总分(t=-7.39,P<0.05)均显著高于对照组。结论:焦点解决短程心理辅导能够显著提升实习护士心理弹性,改善其心理健康状况,降低职业倦怠感,提升其工作满意度,值得临床推广应用。

Objective:To explore the effects of solution-focused brief therapy(SFBT)on the psychological resilience and job burnout of practice nurses.Methods:A total of 196 cases of practice nurses in our hospital were selected,including 98 cases randomly selected and given the regular teaching mode training and other 98 cases randomly selected and additionally given the solution-focused brief therapy.The psychological resilience,mental health status,job burnout and job satisfaction of practice nurses were compared between the two groups before intervention and after 6 weeks of intervention.Results:After 6 weeks of intervention,the total scores of nurses optimism(t=-3.06,P<0.05),self-improvement(t=-3.83,P<0.05),toughness(t=-5.90,P<0.05)and psychological resilience scales(t=-7.07,P<0.05)were significantly higher in the study group than that in the control group.The scores of practice nurses somatization(t=10.90,P<0.05),obsessive-compulsive disorder(t=4.86,P<0.05),interpersonal relationships(t=3.46,P<0.05),depression(t=4.58,P<0.05),anxiety(t=7.61,P<0.05),hostile(t=6.37,P<0.05),terror(t=4.56,P<0.05),paranoia(t=4.18,P<0.05)and psychoticism(t=2.17,P<0.05)were significantly lower in the study group than that in the control group.The total scores of emotional fatigue(t=9.63,P<0.05),personality disintegration(t=7.87,P<0.05),achievement loss(t=9.51,P<0.05)and job burnout(t=10.26,P<0.05)scales in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group.The total scores of practice nurses work status(t=-4.61,P<0.05),interpersonal relationship(t=-7.70,P<0.05)and job satisfaction(t=-7.39,P<0.05)scales were significantly higher than those in the control group.Conclusion:Solution-focused brief therapy can significantly improve the psychological resilience and mental health status of practice nurses,and reduce their job burnout and enhance their job satisfaction,therefore it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.