中文版心理脆弱性问卷初步修订及在社区居民中应用信效度分析

Preliminary revision and psychometric evaluation of Mental Vulnerability Questionnaire-Chinese Version in community adults

目的修订心理脆弱性问卷(MVQ)中文版并检验其在社区居民中应用的信效度。方法对英文问卷进行翻译、回译及预调查,形成MVQ中文版。在山东省6个地级市48个社区选取≥18岁社区居民4 800人进行MVQ中文版评定,回收有效问卷4 523份,通过探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析和内容效度指数评价其效度,通过内部一致性评价其信度。以抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、12项一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)和坚韧人格量表为效标评价效标效度。间隔2周后,从总样本中随机选取500人进行重测,回收有效问卷478份。结果本次调查对象平均年龄(42±15)岁,MVQ总均分为(2.41±0.57)分,心身症状、精神症状和人际问题各维度得分分别为(2.09±0.61)、(2.48±0.62)、(2.65±0.67)分。经过2次探索性因素分析,得到的MVQ中文版有18个条目,包含心身症状、精神症状和人际问题3个因子,累计方差解释率61.13%,载荷为0.54～0.79;验证性因素分析表明三因子模型拟合良好(χ~2/df=2.58, NFI=0.90,=0.06, GFI=0.92,AGFI=0.86, CFI=0.93, TLI=0.92, IFI=0.93,RMR=0.05); MVQ总分及各维度得分与SDS、SAS、GHQ-12得分均呈正相关(r=0.28～0.55,均P <0.01),与坚韧人格量表得分呈负相关(r=-0.21～-0.31,均P<0.01)。问卷的Cronbach'sα为0.84～0.92,重测信度为0.71～0.85。结论修订后的心理脆弱性问卷中文版有较好效度的和信度,可用于中国社区居民的心理脆弱性水平的评估。

Objective To revise the Mental Vulnerability Questionnaire(MVQ)-Chinese version and to test its validity and reliability in community adults. Methods First, we developed a MVQ-Chinese version(MVQ-C) by translating the MVQ-English version into Chinese and retranslating it back into English and performing a pretest on the MVQ-C among 100 community adults. Then, we selected 4 523 adults(≥18 years) selected from 48 communities in 6 cities across Shandong province with stratified multistage random sampling and conducted a self-administered anonymous survey to test the validity and reliability of the revised MVQ-C using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, content validity index,and internal consistency coefficient. The Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), 12-Item General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-12), and Hardiness Scale were adopted in the survey to evaluate the criterion validity of the MVQ-C. Two weeks after the survey, we carried out a reassessment in 478 adults randomly selected from the participants of the previous test. Results The mean age of the participants was 42 ± 15 years. The average overall MVQ-C score was2.41 ± 0.57 and the average domain scores were 2.09 ± 0.61 for mental vulnerability, 2.48 ± 0.62 for psychosomatic symptoms, and 2.65 ± 0.67 for interpersonal problems, respectively. For the 18 items of the revised MVQ-C, the exploratory factor analysis extracted 3 components explaining 61.13% of the total variance. The factor loading of the items ranged between 0.54 and 0.79. The confirmatory factor analysis verified a 3-factors model(χ^2/df = 2.58, normed fit index [NFI]=0.90, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA]= 0.06, goodness-of-fit index [GFI] = 0.92, adjusted goodness of fit index [AGFI] = 0.86, comparative fit index [CFI]= 0.93, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.92, incremental fit index [IFI]=0.93, root mean square residual [RMR]= 0.05). Criterion validity results showed that the overall score and domain scores of the MVQ-C were positively correlated with the scores of SDS, SAS, GHQ-12(r = 0.28-0.55, all P < 0.01), and were negatively correlated with the score of Hardiness Scale(r =-0.21--0.31, all P < 0.01). The Cronbach’s a coefficients for overall and domain scores of the MVQ-C ranged 0.84-0.92 and the test-retest reliability coefficients were between 0.71-0.85. Conclusion The revised Mental Vulnerability Questionnaire-Chinese version is of good validity and reliability and could be used in assessment of mental vulnerability among community adults in China.