吉林省城市人群心脑血管疾病相关影响因素分析

Impact factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among urban residents in Jilin province

目的了解吉林省城市人群心脑血管疾病相关影响因素,为有针对性地开展心脑血管疾病的防控提供科学依据。方法通过入户问卷调查的方式收集2016年调查对象的一般健康状况、生活习惯、相关的环境资料以及心脑血管疾病的患病情况,运用统计学方法探讨居民心脑血管疾病的环境相关影响因素。结果调查对象为4221人,其中患心脑血管疾病452例,患病率为10.7%;单因素分析结果显示,心脑血管疾病的患病率在不同文化程度、过敏史、家族史、居住城市、垃圾站、冬季开窗、冬季做饭燃料方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,心脑血管疾病的影响因素有文化程度、家族史、垃圾站、冬季开窗和冬季做饭燃料,其中家族史、垃圾站和冬季开窗为危险因素。结论吉林省城市居民心脑血管疾病的发病率较高,文化程度、家族史、垃圾站、冬季开窗和冬季做饭燃料可能是心脑血管疾病的影响因素。

Objective To investigate influencing factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among residents in two cities of Jilin province and to provide evidences for the prevention and control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods We conducted a household questionnaire survey among 4 221 residents living in the two cities more than6 months to collect information on general health status, living habits and environment, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease incidents using random cluster sampling in 2016. Chi-square test and unconditional logistic regression analysis were used in univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Among the participants aged 0-107 years(averaged 45.7 ± 20.4),452 suffered from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, with a prevalence rate of 10.7%. Univariate analysis indicated that the prevalence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases differed significantly by education, allergy history, family disease history, living residence(city), whether residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, whether opening windows at home during winter season, and type of fuel for cooking during winter season(P< 0.05 for all). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that significant influencing factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases included education, family disease history, whether residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, whether opening windows at home during winter season, and type of fuel for cooking during winter season, of which, family disease history, residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, and opening windows at home during winter season were significant risk factors.Conclusion The prevalence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are relatively high and mainly influenced by education, family disease history, whether residing adjacent to a garbage collection station, whether opening windows at home during winter season, and type of fuel for cooking during winter season among urban residents in Jilin province.