关中士人与两汉之交的政治变局

Political Performance of Intellectuals of Guanzhong Between the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty

在两汉之交政局变动的过程中,关中士人的政治态度存在阶段性差异。针对王莽代汉,关中士人不乏以批评、隐逸甚至武力相抗争者,但顺应王莽代汉,谋求家族利益的最大化,亦是不少关中士人的政治选择。更始政权入关后,通过默认、招抚基层势力等手段,保持了关中社会的大体安定。然而,大量流寓在外的关中士人对更始政权缺乏认同感。东汉初年,鉴于关中数次易手,基层民众聚众自保的情形愈发严重。而面对东汉政权,关中士人群体的政治立场亦再次分化。随着光武帝派冯异平定关中,并将关中士人纳入体制内,关中社会对东汉政权的认同感逐步提升。

In the political evolution between late Western Han and early Eastern Han dynasties, the intellectuals of Guanzhong had phased differences in political attitudes. During usurping of Wang Mang to replace the emperor, some intellectuals of Guanzhong resisted by way of criticizing, being hermits and armed struggle. However, there were also some intellectuals who yielded to Wang Mang’s regime in order to maximize family interests. After entering Guanzhong, Gengshi regime kept social stability by means of implied or explicit accepting local forces. However, there was a lack of identification with Gengshi regime among a large number of emigrating people from Guanzhong. In the beginning of Eastern Han Dynasty, considering the change of the right of controlling Guanzhong several times, it was increasingly troublesome for local people to be gathered for self-defense. Meanwhile, intellectuals of Guanzhong had differences in attitudes towards Eastern Han regime. As Emperor Guangwu assigned Feng Yi to pacify Guangzhong and selected local intellectuals into government, Guanzhong society had more and more identification with Eastern Han regime.