组学技术应用于茶树物质代谢研究中的进展

Omics Technology Advances in the Material Metabolism of Tea

茶树是多年生常绿木本植物,对种质资源进行有效地评价与分析是茶学研究的重要领域,茶树代谢产物如多酚类、咖啡碱、茶氨酸和多糖类等物质不仅是重要的植物天然产物,也是构成茶叶滋味、香气的特征品质成分,被广泛应用于食品、医药等行业。组学技术具有高通量、高灵敏度和系统性的特点,已成为生命科学研究中的强有力工具,也为茶树研究提供了新的方法。茶树系统生物学的研究离不开组学技术的发展,功能基因组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学等技术已应用于儿茶素、氨基酸、咖啡碱、多糖等重要功能成分的代谢研究。本研究综述了组学技术在茶树物质代谢中的研究进展,对研究中的不足之处进行了阐述,并讨论了组学技术在茶树物质代谢研究中的应用前景。

Tea is a woody perennial plant and one of its important research content is the effective evaluation and analysis of germplasm resources.Metabolites of tea plant such as polyphenols,caffeine,theanine and polysacchari- des are not only important natural products but also characteristic quality components that make up the flavor and aroma of tea,which are widely used in food,medicine and other industries.The omics technology has the characteristics of high throughput,high sensitivity and systematicness.It has become a powerful tool in life science researches and provides a new method for tea plant researches.The research of tea plant systems biology is inseparable from the development of omics techniques.Functional genomics,proteomics,and metabolornics have been applied to the metabolism research of important functional components such as catechins,amino acids,caffeine, and polysaccharides.This article reviewed the research progress of omics techniques in the material metabolism of tea plants,which had revealed the deficiencies and discussed the application prospect of omics techniques in the study of tea plant material metabolism.