改性芳纶纤维/天然橡胶复合材料的制备及性能表征

Preparation and characterization of modified aramid fiber/natural rubber composite

采用傅里德-克拉夫茨反应原理在芳纶纤维表面接枝环氧氯丙烷,用偶联剂二次改性,研究表面接枝对芳纶纤维结构与性能的影响,并测试了改性芳纶纤维/炭黑/天然橡胶的力学性能。结果表明:改性后芳纶纤维表面的含氧量增加,偶联剂成功引入到芳纶表面,明显增加了芳纶的表面粗糙度和表面活性,降低了芳纶纤维的结晶度,但是对芳纶纤维晶体结构的影响不大,接枝环氧氯丙烷-偶联剂改性的芳纶纤维/炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料相比于未改性芳纶纤维/炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料力学性能有明显提高,橡胶加工流变性能分析表明芳纶纤维接枝环氧氯丙烷-偶联剂二次改性增大了复合材料的储能模量和损耗模量,减小了损耗因子从而改善了芳纶纤维与橡胶基体的界面结合强度。

The epichlorohydrin was grafted on the surface of aramid fiber(AF)by principle of friedel-crafts reaction and secondary modification with coupling agent,and the effect of surface grafting on the structure and properties of AF was studied.The mechanical properties of modified AF/carbon black/natural rubber were tested.The results showed that the oxygen content of modified aramid fiber’s surface was increased,and the coupling agent was successfully introduced into the surface of AF,which significantly increased the surface roughness and activity of AF,and reduced its crystallinity.The influence of fiber crystal structure was not great.The mechanics of the grafted epichlorohydrin-coupling agent modified AF/carbon black/natural rubber composites material was obviously increased compared with the unmodified composites.The rheological properties of rubber processing showed that the secondary modification of AF grafted epichlorohydrin-coupling agent increased the storage modulus and loss modulus of composites and reduced the loss factor.Thereby,the bonding strength of interface between AF and rubber matrix was improved.