舰船艉轴架电弧熔丝3D打印用金属型药芯丝材的研制

Development of Metal Type Flux-Cored Wire for Arc Fusion 3D Printing Marine Propeller Bracket

通过合金化体系设计舰船艉轴架电弧熔丝3D打印用金属型药芯丝材,研究了其在堆积电流155～250A、堆积电压23～29V下的工艺性能及堆积金属的显微组织和力学性能;用该药芯丝材打印出舰船艉轴架模拟件,分析了该模拟件的尺寸精度。结果表明:药芯丝材的成形性能良好,电弧稳定,飞溅率小于2.5%;堆积金属的显微组织由珠光体、块状铁素体和板条贝氏体组成,贝氏体板条最大宽度约为0.80μm,板条内部有高密度位错和碳化物;沿堆积方向堆积金属的屈服强度为550MPa,抗拉强度为651MPa,-20℃冲击吸收功为58J,垂直于堆积方向的屈服强度为538MPa,抗拉强度为642MPa,-20℃冲击吸收功为60J;与ZG510钢相比,堆积金属具有更好的强韧性;舰船艉轴架模拟件没有出现裂纹、气孔等缺陷,尺寸偏差在1mm以内。

The metal type flux-cored wire for arc fusion 3Dprinting marine propeller bracket was developed by the alloying system design.The processing performance of the wire and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the deposited metal under the deposition current of 155-250 Aand deposition voltage of 23-29 V were investigated.The flux cored wire was used to print the propeller bracket simulator,and the dimensional accuracy of the simulator was analyzed.The results show that the forming properties of the flux-cored wire was good,and the arc was stable.The spatter rate was less than 2.5%.The microstructure of the deposited metal was composed of pearlite,granular ferrite and lath bainite.The maximum width of bainite lath was about 0.80μm,and there was high density dislocation and carbide in lath bainite.The yield strength of the deposited metal along the depositing direction was 550 MPa,and the tensile strength was 651 MPa;the impact absorbing energy at-20 ℃was 58 J.The yield strength of the deposited metal in the vertical depositing direction was 538 MPa,and the tensile strength was 642MPa;the impact absorbing energy at-20℃ was 60 J.Compared with ZG510 steel,the deposited metal had better strength-toughness properties.No cracks,pores and other defects were found in the propeller bracket simulator and the size deviation was within 1mm.