不同工艺制备镍基合金涂层的耐高温磨损性能

High-Temperature Wear Resistance of Ni-based Alloy Coating Prepared by Different Processes

以商用Ni60合金粉为涂层材料,采用火焰重熔、等离子堆焊、中频感应重熔等3种工艺在45钢基体上制备镍基合金涂层,研究了其物相组成、显微组织、显微硬度和耐高温磨损性能。结果表明:制备的镍基合金涂层的孔隙率均较低;火焰重熔和中频感应重熔涂层中的硬质相主要为均匀分布的碳化物,但中频感应重熔涂层的晶粒较小,显微硬度较高;等离子堆焊涂层的晶粒粗大,硬质相以粗大的硼化物为主,且偏聚严重,显微硬度最低;中频感应重熔涂层的耐高温磨损性能最好,其磨损形式为黏着磨损和磨粒磨损,火焰重熔涂层的耐高温磨损性能稍差,其磨损形式主要为黏着磨损,等离子堆焊涂层的耐高温磨损性能最差,其磨损形式为黏着磨损和疲劳磨损。

The Ni-based alloy coatings were prepared on the substrate of 45 steel by flame remelting,plasma surfacing and intermediate frequency induction remelting with commercial Ni60 alloy powder as coating material,respectively.The phase composition,microstructure,microhardness and high-temperature wear resistance of the coatings were studied.The results show that Ni-based alloy coatings with low porosity were obtained.The main hard phases of coatings prepared by flame remelting and intermediate frequency induction remelting were carbides which distributed uniformly.The grains of coatings prepared by intermediate frequency induction remelting were relatively small,and the microhardness was relatively high.The grains of the coating prepared by plasma surfacing were big;the hard phases mainly consisted of borides and distributed unevenly;the coating had the lowest microhardness.The coating prepared by intermediate frequency induction remelting had excellent high-temperature wear resistance,and the wear mechanism was adhesive wear and abrasive wear;the high-temperature wear resistance of the coating prepared by flame remelting was not good,and the main wear mechanism was adhesive wear.The coating prepared by plasma surfacing had the worst high-temperature wear resistance,and the wear mechanism was adhesive wear and fatigue wear.